Alaska / AIANNHCE 7375 / Alaska Native area

St. Michael

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

0.0%25/3 availability

0.0%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

4Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of St. Michael within Alaska, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

In Alaska, this alaska native village uses St. Michael as its main village area, and it . FCC BDC records show 4 fixed providers and 2 mobile providers serving roughly 139 service locations, with current availability of 0.0% at 25/3 Mbps, and 0.0% at 100/20.

Tribal Area Description

A Alaska Native Village in Alaska, St. Michael is organized around tribal lands. Yup'ik and Iñupiat village near Norton Sound with strong community values and coastal subsistence traditions.

Website Summary: kawerak.org/our-region/st-michael

Michael" was built by the Russian-American Company at this location in 1833; it was the northernmost Russian settlement in Alaska. The Kawerak Newsletter is produced tri-annually by Kawerak. Printed copies are distributed to all post office box holders in the Bering Strait Region. The website includes sections on Forms, Employment, Staff, Programs, Child Advocacy Center, and Children & Family Services.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	427	340	312	308	220	177
Households	89	67	55	65	39	38
Median age	18.9	18.8	18.6	19.7	19.3	19.4
Male / Female	54.3% / 45.7%	55.6% / 44.4%	58.3% / 41.7%	58.4% / 41.6%	59.5% / 40.5%	63.8% / 36.2%
Avg. household size	4.80	5.07	5.67	4.74	5.64	4.66
Pop. density (per sq mi)	19.6	15.7	14.4	14.2	10.1	8.2
HH density (per sq mi)	4.1	3.1	2.5	3.0	1.8	1.8

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$43,438	$42,813	$37,188	$46,875	$56,250	$53,750
Per capita income	$11,103	$10,473	$10,594	$11,900	$13,303	$12,326
Poverty rate	23.5%	22.3%	19.0%	21.6%	17.0%	20.0%
Unemployment rate	33.6%	35.4%	37.5%	36.9%	29.5%	27.1%
HS diploma or higher	64.5%	66.9%	63.1%	65.9%	61.3%	59.7%
Bachelor's degree or higher	1.1%	—	—	2.4%	3.8%	4.5%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q2	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q4	7.2 Mbps	11.9 Mbps
2020Q1	19.1 Mbps	9.4 Mbps
2020Q2	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q2	20.4 Mbps	20.8 Mbps
2021Q3	0.2 Mbps	0.2 Mbps
2021Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q1	18.1 Mbps	18.9 Mbps
2022Q2	5.2 Mbps	0.8 Mbps
2022Q3	6.2 Mbps	0.3 Mbps
2022Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2023Q1	76.5 Mbps	5.7 Mbps
2023Q2	71.5 Mbps	10.5 Mbps
2023Q3	23.1 Mbps	22.0 Mbps
2023Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2024Q1	18.8 Mbps	20.2 Mbps
2024Q2	95.3 Mbps	14.3 Mbps
2024Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2020	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2021	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2022	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2023	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2024	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	38.8%	11.8%
2018	35.2%	20.0%
2019	27.0%	35.3%
2020	23.9%	38.5%
2021	16.4%	53.8%
2022	7.7%	54.5%
2023	7.7%	100.0%
2024	10.5%	100.0%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	0.0%
100/20 Mbps	0.0%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	0.0%	92%
100/20 Mbps	0.0%	85%
Adoption	10.5%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	4
Mobile broadband providers	2
Broadband serviceable locations	139

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
GCI Holdings LLC	GCI Holdings LLC
EchoStar Corporation	American Broadband Holding Company
American Broadband Holding Company	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	35.9%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	0.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	0.0%
Total area (sq mi)	72.995

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	79.1	79.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	98.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	98.6	79.1	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	98.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	79.1	79.1	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	83.7	83.7	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	99.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	99.3	83.7	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	99.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	83.7	83.7	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	83.0	83.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	99.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	99.2	83.0	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	99.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	83.0	83.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	82.1	82.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	82.1	82.1	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	82.1	82.1	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	82.1	82.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	82.1	82.1	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	82.1	82.1	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	84.2	84.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	84.2	84.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	84.2	84.2	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.