California / AIANNHCE 0750 / Federally-recognized area
Colusa
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
100.0%25/3 availability
73.5%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
8Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Colusa within California, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
Colusa Rancheria is a rancheria in California associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 0.3 square miles. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 8 fixed providers and 3 mobile providers across roughly 130 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, and 73.5% at 100/20.
Tribal Area Description
Colusa is a federally recognized tribe in California with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
Our tribe employs these statements in virtually every aspect of decision-making for both the tribal community and the greater Colusa community. You will see as you explore the site our tribe's dedication to preserving our way of life through the Mission, Purpose and Values statements. We are excited that we have an opportunity to share our way of life with you and hope you learn more about our tribe by fully exploring our website. We invite you to browse through the various sections on our site and learn about our tribe.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
13
32
52
50
80
81
Households
9
14
15
14
18
21
Median age
44.5
42.5
14.8
14.8
12.9
13.3
Male / Female
53.8% / 46.2%
31.3% / 68.8%
40.4% / 59.6%
44.0% / 56.0%
50.0% / 50.0%
50.6% / 49.4%
Avg. household size
1.44
2.29
3.47
3.57
4.44
3.86
Pop. density (per sq mi)
30.5
75.1
122.0
117.3
187.8
190.1
HH density (per sq mi)
21.1
32.9
35.2
32.9
42.2
49.3
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$26,250
—
$55,179
—
—
—
Per capita income
$26,962
$10,222
$8,508
$7,574
$4,804
$5,444
Poverty rate
15.4%
75.0%
9.6%
12.0%
10.0%
12.3%
Unemployment rate
0.0%
0.0%
9.1%
16.7%
20.0%
14.3%
HS diploma or higher
66.7%
76.2%
76.0%
62.5%
60.9%
57.7%
Bachelor's degree or higher
—
23.8%
24.0%
25.0%
30.4%
30.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
6.5 Mbps
3.3 Mbps
2019Q2
35.2 Mbps
35.5 Mbps
2019Q3
12.0 Mbps
23.1 Mbps
2019Q4
7.2 Mbps
8.4 Mbps
2020Q1
25.3 Mbps
36.7 Mbps
2020Q2
75.2 Mbps
34.4 Mbps
2020Q3
2.8 Mbps
9.1 Mbps
2020Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q1
34.2 Mbps
32.1 Mbps
2021Q2
26.9 Mbps
24.8 Mbps
2021Q3
49.8 Mbps
34.9 Mbps
2021Q4
29.0 Mbps
19.8 Mbps
2022Q1
41.7 Mbps
20.7 Mbps
2022Q2
49.8 Mbps
17.9 Mbps
2022Q3
98.2 Mbps
103.2 Mbps
2022Q4
57.5 Mbps
26.1 Mbps
2023Q1
58.2 Mbps
26.0 Mbps
2023Q2
38.3 Mbps
15.0 Mbps
2023Q3
40.5 Mbps
32.2 Mbps
2023Q4
47.0 Mbps
35.3 Mbps
2024Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2024Q2
61.3 Mbps
22.4 Mbps
2024Q3
129.7 Mbps
124.7 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2020
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2021
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
2022
46.0%
46.0%
0.0%
2023
50.0%
24.0%
0.0%
2024
100.0%
73.5%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
77.8%
100.0%
2018
75.0%
100.0%
2019
88.9%
100.0%
2020
92.9%
100.0%
2021
86.7%
100.0%
2022
100.0%
100.0%
2023
88.9%
100.0%
2024
81.0%
100.0%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
100/20 Mbps
73.5%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
92%
100/20 Mbps
73.5%
85%
Adoption
81.0%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
8
Mobile broadband providers
3
Broadband serviceable locations
130
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
AT&T Inc.
EchoStar Corporation
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.
DigitalPath, Inc.
—
Succeed.Net
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
California Internet
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Fiber
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Cable
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
100.0%
Total area (sq mi)
0.737
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
92.3
92.3
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
48.1
48.1
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
92.3
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
92.3
92.3
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
48.1
48.1
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
81.5
81.5
81.5
81.5
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
72.3
72.3
72.3
72.3
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
81.5
81.5
81.5
81.5
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
72.3
72.3
72.3
72.3
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
69.2
69.2
69.2
69.2
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
90.0
90.0
90.0
81.7
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
58.3
58.3
58.3
23.3
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
90.0
90.0
90.0
81.7
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
58.3
58.3
58.3
23.3
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
66.7
66.7
66.7
66.7
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
95.5
92.5
92.5
85.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
60.1
55.6
55.6
19.6
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
95.5
92.5
92.5
85.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
60.1
55.6
55.6
19.6
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
72.9
72.9
72.9
72.9
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
76.3
73.3
73.3
62.6
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
76.3
73.3
73.3
62.6
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
29.2
24.6
24.6
24.6
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
29.2
24.6
24.6
24.6
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.