California / AIANNHCE 2495 / Federally-recognized area
North Fork
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
100.0%25/3 availability
20.0%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
9Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of North Fork within California, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
Spans about 0.1 square miles in California, North Fork Rancheria serves as the core rancheria for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 9 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 3 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, 20.0% at 100/20, and 6.7% at 1000/100.
Tribal Area Description
Located in California, North Fork is a federally recognized tribe with rancheria lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
The Home page for North Fork functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe. The page includes sections on Register, Our People, History, Timeline, and Lands.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
114
53
57
55
57
114
Households
38
13
10
11
12
20
Median age
34.3
18.9
19.8
19.2
18.5
15.0
Male / Female
46.5% / 53.5%
34.0% / 66.0%
36.8% / 63.2%
36.4% / 63.6%
38.6% / 61.4%
39.5% / 60.5%
Avg. household size
3.00
4.08
5.70
5.00
4.75
5.70
Pop. density (per sq mi)
1101.8
512.2
550.9
531.6
550.9
1101.8
HH density (per sq mi)
367.3
125.6
96.7
106.3
116.0
193.3
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$28,750
—
$42,500
$48,125
—
$51,250
Per capita income
$13,006
$8,302
$8,342
$8,267
$11,681
$7,817
Poverty rate
43.0%
34.0%
15.8%
21.8%
19.3%
4.4%
Unemployment rate
8.1%
9.1%
20.8%
26.3%
31.8%
40.0%
HS diploma or higher
45.2%
60.0%
65.0%
73.7%
71.4%
78.1%
Bachelor's degree or higher
6.5%
5.0%
10.0%
5.3%
9.5%
3.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
1.6 Mbps
1.9 Mbps
2019Q2
3.3 Mbps
1.0 Mbps
2019Q3
24.1 Mbps
11.9 Mbps
2019Q4
175.3 Mbps
14.6 Mbps
2020Q1
271.2 Mbps
13.3 Mbps
2020Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q3
12.2 Mbps
0.9 Mbps
2020Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q1
3.7 Mbps
3.8 Mbps
2021Q2
38.9 Mbps
18.9 Mbps
2021Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q4
35.8 Mbps
9.2 Mbps
2022Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2022Q2
50.3 Mbps
20.3 Mbps
2022Q3
49.8 Mbps
20.1 Mbps
2022Q4
14.9 Mbps
3.0 Mbps
2023Q1
68.3 Mbps
12.7 Mbps
2023Q2
33.2 Mbps
4.5 Mbps
2023Q3
48.2 Mbps
34.6 Mbps
2023Q4
336.2 Mbps
272.5 Mbps
2024Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2024Q2
55.7 Mbps
11.2 Mbps
2024Q3
202.7 Mbps
195.9 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2020
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2021
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
2022
90.9%
72.7%
0.0%
2023
100.0%
20.0%
6.7%
2024
100.0%
20.0%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
40.5%
21.4%
2018
45.7%
42.9%
2019
39.5%
54.5%
2020
53.8%
40.0%
2021
70.0%
50.0%
2022
54.5%
100.0%
2023
75.0%
100.0%
2024
55.0%
100.0%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
100/20 Mbps
20.0%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
92%
100/20 Mbps
20.0%
85%
Adoption
55.0%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
9
Mobile broadband providers
4
Broadband serviceable locations
3
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation
Verizon Communications Inc.
Ponderosa Communications, Inc.
AT&T Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.
Dish Network Corporation
Viasat, Inc.
—
California Internet
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Cal.net, Inc.
—
UnWired Broadband Holding LLC
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Fiber
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Cable
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
66.7%
66.7%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
66.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
100.0%
Total area (sq mi)
1.685
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
85.0
80.0
80.0
80.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
95.0
95.0
90.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
95.0
80.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
85.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
95.0
85.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
95.0
95.0
90.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
85.0
80.0
80.0
75.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
30.4
4.3
4.3
4.3
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
95.7
95.7
91.3
8.7
4.3
4.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
95.7
8.7
4.3
4.3
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.3
4.3
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
95.7
13.0
4.3
4.3
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
Copper
91.3
91.3
87.0
4.3
0.0
0.0
Fiber
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
30.4
4.3
4.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
11.5
3.9
3.9
3.9
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
96.2
96.2
96.2
7.7
3.9
3.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.5
3.9
3.9
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.9
3.9
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.5
3.9
3.9
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
Copper
92.3
92.3
92.3
3.9
0.0
0.0
Fiber
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
11.5
3.9
3.9
3.9
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
3.9
3.9
3.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
32.1
32.1
32.1
3.6
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
96.4
96.4
96.4
7.1
3.6
3.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.7
3.6
3.6
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.6
3.6
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.7
3.6
3.6
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
Copper
92.9
92.9
92.9
3.6
0.0
0.0
Fiber
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
32.1
32.1
32.1
3.6
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
3.6
3.6
3.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
96.4
96.4
96.4
7.1
3.6
3.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.7
3.6
3.6
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.6
3.6
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.7
3.6
3.6
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
Copper
92.9
92.9
92.9
3.6
0.0
0.0
Fiber
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
3.6
3.6
3.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
26.0
26.0
26.0
22.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
98.0
98.0
98.0
44.0
42.0
42.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
62.0
42.0
42.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
42.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
62.0
42.0
42.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
42.0
42.0
42.0
42.0
42.0
42.0
Copper
56.0
56.0
56.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
42.0
42.0
42.0
42.0
42.0
42.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
26.0
26.0
26.0
22.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.