California / AIANNHCE 4680 / Federally-recognized area
XL Ranch
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
54.2%25/3 availability
0.0%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
6Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of XL Ranch within California, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
XL Ranch Rancheria in California is the primary broadband planning geography for this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 15 square miles. FCC BDC records show 6 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 27 service locations, and current service levels of 54.2% at 25/3 Mbps, and 0.0% at 100/20.
Tribal Area Description
Tribal lands in California are associated with XL Ranch, a federally recognized tribe. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
The Official Home of the Pit River Tribe page for XL Ranch functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe. The page includes sections on Tribal History, Departments, Education, Enrollment, and Environmental Programs.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
62
38
15
19
15
17
Households
26
18
10
8
5
6
Median age
18.5
22.5
38.3
19.8
13.8
34.5
Male / Female
53.2% / 46.8%
50.0% / 50.0%
60.0% / 40.0%
36.8% / 63.2%
13.3% / 86.7%
23.5% / 76.5%
Avg. household size
2.38
2.11
1.50
2.38
3.00
2.83
Pop. density (per sq mi)
4.1
2.5
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.1
HH density (per sq mi)
1.7
1.2
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.4
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$41,250
—
—
—
—
—
Per capita income
$16,000
$15,839
$22,027
$21,063
$16,653
$27,971
Poverty rate
38.7%
60.5%
46.7%
36.8%
46.7%
23.5%
Unemployment rate
5.0%
8.3%
12.5%
22.2%
33.3%
0.0%
HS diploma or higher
72.4%
68.4%
80.0%
55.6%
28.6%
30.0%
Bachelor's degree or higher
6.9%
10.5%
20.0%
—
—
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
0.3 Mbps
4.7 Mbps
2019Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2019Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2019Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q3
4.6 Mbps
0.9 Mbps
2020Q4
0.8 Mbps
0.7 Mbps
2021Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q4
4.7 Mbps
0.9 Mbps
2022Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2022Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2022Q3
4.0 Mbps
2.1 Mbps
2022Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2023Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2023Q2
3.0 Mbps
0.5 Mbps
2023Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2023Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2024Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2024Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2024Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
45.8%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
45.8%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
45.8%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
58.3%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
58.3%
0.0%
0.0%
2020
58.3%
45.8%
0.0%
2021
3.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2022
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2023
4.2%
0.0%
0.0%
2024
54.2%
0.0%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
52.0%
16.7%
2018
57.1%
33.3%
2019
73.1%
55.6%
2020
66.7%
50.0%
2021
60.0%
75.0%
2022
62.5%
100.0%
2023
60.0%
100.0%
2024
33.3%
100.0%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
54.2%
100/20 Mbps
0.0%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
54.2%
92%
100/20 Mbps
0.0%
85%
Adoption
33.3%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
6
Mobile broadband providers
4
Broadband serviceable locations
27
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
Frontier Communications Corporation
AT&T Inc.
EchoStar Corporation
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Tnet Broadband Internet
Verizon Communications Inc.
Viasat, Inc.
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Fiber
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Cable
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
82.2%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
58.2%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
28.8%
Total area (sq mi)
39.078
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
86.1
50.0
47.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
80.6
41.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
86.1
50.0
47.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
80.6
41.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
47.2
47.2
47.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
50.0
50.0
47.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
35.3
35.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
50.0
50.0
47.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
35.3
35.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
47.1
47.1
47.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
62.5
62.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
62.5
62.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
92.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
55.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
92.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
96.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
55.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
92.6
92.6
92.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
55.6
48.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
55.6
48.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
92.6
92.6
92.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
55.6
48.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
55.6
48.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.