Michigan / AIANNHCE 2890 / Federally-recognized area

Pokagon

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

98.9%25/3 availability

97.7%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

10Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Pokagon within Michigan, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Spans about 1.0 square miles in Michigan, Pokagon Reservation serves as the core reservation for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 10 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 139 service locations, with current availability of 98.9% at 25/3 Mbps, 97.7% at 100/20, and 89.3% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Located in Michigan, Pokagon is a federally recognized tribe with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.pokagonband-nsn.gov

Pokagon Band is a Native American government based on core values of Wisdom, Love, Respect, Truth, Honesty, Humility, and Bravery. The new Citizen Portal combines what is now the Office of Tribal Council Portal and the Citizen Services Portal. Kë Gbéshmen 2026 camp registration is now open. We offer a range of opportunities in every field. New positions are posted as soon as they're available, so check regularly to make us your next employer.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	104	124	128	160	146	204
Households	55	52	55	63	54	69
Median age	45.3	42.8	56.5	46.5	40.5	34.4
Male / Female	38.5% / 61.5%	42.7% / 57.3%	39.1% / 60.9%	36.9% / 63.1%	45.2% / 54.8%	44.6% / 55.4%
Avg. household size	1.89	2.38	2.33	2.54	2.70	2.96
Pop. density (per sq mi)	99.4	118.5	122.4	152.9	139.6	195.0
HH density (per sq mi)	52.6	49.7	52.6	60.2	51.6	66.0

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$46,488	$49,500	$51,625	$63,036	$66,667	$55,625
Per capita income	$27,062	$26,431	$27,982	$30,975	$30,549	$25,371
Poverty rate	13.9%	12.5%	9.7%	5.7%	7.6%	12.7%
Unemployment rate	6.1%	16.0%	17.5%	13.3%	16.2%	13.1%
HS diploma or higher	68.9%	53.8%	57.4%	53.9%	48.5%	56.0%
Bachelor's degree or higher	2.7%	2.2%	2.0%	5.2%	8.9%	8.0%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	63.5 Mbps	13.5 Mbps
2019Q2	56.3 Mbps	41.0 Mbps
2019Q3	78.1 Mbps	54.7 Mbps
2019Q4	64.8 Mbps	34.8 Mbps
2020Q1	52.7 Mbps	12.8 Mbps
2020Q2	89.3 Mbps	24.8 Mbps
2020Q3	35.0 Mbps	36.5 Mbps
2020Q4	55.5 Mbps	11.3 Mbps
2021Q1	73.6 Mbps	32.1 Mbps
2021Q2	100.4 Mbps	18.9 Mbps
2021Q3	56.5 Mbps	13.5 Mbps
2021Q4	90.1 Mbps	30.8 Mbps
2022Q1	46.2 Mbps	23.1 Mbps
2022Q2	81.6 Mbps	67.5 Mbps
2022Q3	32.8 Mbps	24.4 Mbps
2022Q4	59.7 Mbps	60.3 Mbps
2023Q1	105.7 Mbps	31.0 Mbps
2023Q2	76.1 Mbps	40.4 Mbps
2023Q3	69.8 Mbps	54.5 Mbps
2023Q4	83.9 Mbps	70.7 Mbps
2024Q1	106.4 Mbps	74.9 Mbps
2024Q2	73.3 Mbps	42.6 Mbps
2024Q3	94.6 Mbps	120.0 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	84.4%	84.4%	0.0%
2016	85.2%	84.4%	0.0%
2017	100.0%	99.2%	14.8%
2018	100.0%	99.2%	52.5%
2019	100.0%	67.2%	18.9%
2020	100.0%	99.2%	18.9%
2021	98.6%	98.1%	95.3%
2022	94.9%	94.9%	80.2%
2023	96.7%	95.6%	85.3%
2024	98.9%	97.7%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	75.9%	33.3%
2018	64.4%	20.0%
2019	65.5%	42.9%
2020	63.5%	28.6%
2021	87.3%	88.9%
2022	85.7%	80.0%
2023	83.3%	100.0%
2024	89.9%	100.0%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	98.9%
100/20 Mbps	97.7%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	98.9%	92%
100/20 Mbps	97.7%	85%
Adoption	89.9%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	10
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	139

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Comcast Corporation	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Dish Network Corporation
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
Frontier Communications Corporation	—
Mercury Broadband, LLC	—
Midwest Energy Cooperative	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	93.5%
Fiber	93.5%	93.5%	93.5%	93.5%
Cable	79.1%	79.1%	79.1%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	37.4%	35.3%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	2.2%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	86.6%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	58.0%
Total area (sq mi)	11.797

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	83.8	6.9	6.9	5.4	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	82.3	82.3	82.3	82.3	82.3	38.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	93.8	86.2	86.2	86.2	82.3	38.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	86.2	82.3	38.5
Any Terrestrial	93.8	86.2	86.2	86.2	82.3	38.5
Cable	79.2	79.2	79.2	79.2	79.2	0.0
Cable/Fiber	82.3	82.3	82.3	82.3	82.3	38.5
Copper	8.5	8.5	3.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	38.5	38.5	38.5	38.5	38.5	38.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	83.8	6.9	6.9	5.4	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	10.9	5.1	5.1	3.6	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	85.5	85.5	85.5	85.5	85.5	76.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	88.4	87.7	87.7	87.0	85.5	76.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	85.5	76.8
Any Terrestrial	88.4	87.7	87.7	87.0	85.5	76.8
Cable	78.3	78.3	78.3	78.3	78.3	0.0
Cable/Fiber	85.5	85.5	85.5	85.5	85.5	76.8
Copper	8.7	8.7	4.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	76.8	76.8	76.8	76.8	76.8	76.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	10.9	5.1	5.1	3.6	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	13.7	9.3	9.3	7.9	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	77.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	92.8	92.1	92.1	91.4	85.6	77.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	85.6	77.7
Any Terrestrial	92.8	92.1	92.1	91.4	85.6	77.7
Cable	74.8	74.8	74.8	74.8	74.8	0.0
Cable/Fiber	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	77.7
Copper	7.2	6.5	2.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	77.7	77.7	77.7	77.7	77.7	77.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	13.7	9.3	9.3	7.9	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	32.9	29.2	29.2	27.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	94.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	99.3	99.3	98.5	98.5	94.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.5	94.9
Any Terrestrial	99.3	99.3	99.3	98.5	98.5	94.9
Cable	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1	0.0
Cable/Fiber	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	94.9
Copper	5.1	4.4	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	94.9	94.9	94.9	94.9	94.9	94.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	32.9	29.2	29.2	27.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	36.5	32.9	32.9	30.7	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	87.6	87.6	87.6	87.6	87.6	80.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	88.3	88.3	88.3	87.6	87.6	80.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.6	80.3
Any Terrestrial	88.3	88.3	88.3	87.6	87.6	80.3
Cable	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1	0.0
Cable/Fiber	87.6	87.6	87.6	87.6	87.6	80.3
Copper	5.1	4.4	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	80.3	80.3	80.3	80.3	80.3	80.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	36.5	32.9	32.9	30.7	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	46.1	38.3	38.3	36.2	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	92.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	99.3	99.3	98.6	98.6	92.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	92.2
Any Terrestrial	99.3	99.3	99.3	98.6	98.6	92.2
Cable	79.4	79.4	79.4	79.4	79.4	0.0
Cable/Fiber	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	98.6	92.2
Copper	8.5	7.1	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	92.2	92.2	92.2	92.2	92.2	92.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	46.1	38.3	38.3	36.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.