Michigan / AIANNHCE 3635 / Federally-recognized area

Sault Ste. Marie

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

99.2%25/3 availability

99.2%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

11Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Sault Ste. Marie within Michigan, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

In Michigan, this federally recognized tribe uses Sault Ste. Marie Reservation as its main reservation, and it spans about 0.9 square miles. FCC BDC records show 11 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers serving roughly 627 service locations, with current availability of 99.2% at 25/3 Mbps, 99.2% at 100/20, and 5.8% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

A federally recognized tribe in Michigan, Sault Ste. Marie is organized around tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.saulttribe.com

Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians. - The Sault Tribe of Chippewa Indians Official Web Site History & Culture Story of Our People Unit III Board of Directors Unit meeting Wellbriety - 12 Steps in the Native Way! Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Natural Resources Division staff was notified at approximately 5:45 p.m. yesterday evening about a potential oil spill at the Mc Kay Bay boat launch, east of Cedarville. Upon learning of the issue, staff immediately contacted local and tribal law enforcement and began coordinating with the US Coast Guard on containment and cleanup efforts to prevent the spill from migrating to sensitive coastal wetlands.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	2,294	2,461	2,259	2,219	1,991	1,890
Households	729	672	599	633	630	612
Median age	24.9	29.9	31.1	30.8	29.9	31.3
Male / Female	49.0% / 51.0%	42.2% / 57.8%	39.4% / 60.6%	42.1% / 57.9%	45.3% / 54.7%	44.1% / 55.9%
Avg. household size	3.15	3.66	3.77	3.51	3.16	3.09
Pop. density (per sq mi)	2594.0	2782.8	2554.4	2509.2	2251.4	2137.2
HH density (per sq mi)	824.3	759.9	677.3	715.8	712.4	692.0

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$21,351	$24,800	$24,036	$28,272	$31,607	$31,829
Per capita income	$9,831	$13,438	$15,980	$16,469	$16,621	$17,610
Poverty rate	54.1%	45.0%	41.4%	41.1%	40.8%	36.3%
Unemployment rate	22.2%	37.4%	46.0%	39.8%	27.9%	26.3%
HS diploma or higher	53.8%	65.8%	64.8%	63.4%	61.3%	61.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher	4.6%	18.1%	25.9%	22.2%	15.8%	15.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	74.7 Mbps	9.2 Mbps
2019Q2	52.7 Mbps	7.9 Mbps
2019Q3	64.8 Mbps	9.3 Mbps
2019Q4	91.1 Mbps	10.7 Mbps
2020Q1	55.5 Mbps	9.3 Mbps
2020Q2	68.0 Mbps	10.2 Mbps
2020Q3	60.0 Mbps	12.6 Mbps
2020Q4	89.5 Mbps	14.2 Mbps
2021Q1	106.6 Mbps	11.4 Mbps
2021Q2	144.1 Mbps	14.5 Mbps
2021Q3	97.5 Mbps	10.7 Mbps
2021Q4	205.3 Mbps	14.9 Mbps
2022Q1	162.9 Mbps	18.4 Mbps
2022Q2	134.2 Mbps	14.0 Mbps
2022Q3	186.9 Mbps	13.9 Mbps
2022Q4	116.0 Mbps	12.3 Mbps
2023Q1	131.3 Mbps	11.0 Mbps
2023Q2	187.4 Mbps	11.9 Mbps
2023Q3	278.6 Mbps	17.2 Mbps
2023Q4	176.9 Mbps	13.6 Mbps
2024Q1	145.4 Mbps	10.3 Mbps
2024Q2	156.0 Mbps	11.2 Mbps
2024Q3	200.3 Mbps	19.0 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	86.5%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	86.5%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	86.5%	1.5%	0.0%
2018	86.5%	86.5%	0.0%
2019	86.5%	86.5%	0.0%
2020	91.7%	86.5%	0.0%
2021	99.5%	98.9%	5.8%
2022	99.2%	99.0%	21.0%
2023	99.2%	99.2%	9.8%
2024	99.2%	99.2%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	61.3%	46.1%
2018	61.3%	57.5%
2019	68.3%	71.6%
2020	71.4%	76.9%
2021	69.9%	77.7%
2022	73.9%	82.8%
2023	77.6%	75.8%
2024	80.4%	78.2%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	99.2%
100/20 Mbps	99.2%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	99.2%	92%
100/20 Mbps	99.2%	85%
Adoption	80.4%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	11
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	627

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Charter Communications	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Northeast Communications of Wisconsin, Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Peninsula Fiber Network, LLC	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
Hiawatha Communications, Inc.	—
Board of Trustees, Northern Michigan University	—
Connect Holding II LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	8.8%
Fiber	6.2%	6.2%	6.2%	0.0%
Cable	98.2%	98.2%	98.2%	8.8%
Fixed Wireless	24.7%	0.6%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	1.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	72.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	60.0%
Total area (sq mi)	2.633

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	65.3	7.3	7.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	1.2	0.0	0.0
All Wired	96.9	96.6	96.6	96.5	96.5	1.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	97.0	96.9	96.5	96.5	1.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	96.5	96.5	1.5
Any Terrestrial	99.3	97.0	96.9	96.5	96.5	1.5
Cable	96.5	96.5	96.5	96.5	96.5	1.5
Cable/Fiber	96.5	96.5	96.5	96.5	96.5	1.5
Copper	28.9	2.1	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	65.3	7.3	7.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	1.2	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	22.7	3.0	2.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	7.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.2	98.2	98.1	97.6	97.6	7.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.6	7.8
Any Terrestrial	98.2	98.2	98.1	97.6	97.6	7.8
Cable	97.4	97.4	97.4	97.4	97.4	7.8
Cable/Fiber	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	7.8
Copper	20.2	1.4	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	22.7	3.0	2.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	34.6	8.5	8.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	7.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.7	98.4	98.3	97.8	97.8	7.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.8	7.0
Any Terrestrial	98.7	98.4	98.3	97.8	97.8	7.0
Cable	96.8	96.8	96.8	96.8	96.8	7.0
Cable/Fiber	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	7.0
Copper	33.8	33.1	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	34.6	8.5	8.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	29.7	4.5	4.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	6.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.0	98.8	98.7	97.8	97.8	6.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.8	6.3
Any Terrestrial	99.0	98.8	98.7	97.8	97.8	6.3
Cable	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	6.3
Cable/Fiber	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.8	6.3
Copper	28.7	0.9	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	29.7	4.5	4.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	44.8	12.6	12.4	3.8	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	97.8	97.8	97.6	97.6	97.6	7.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.2	98.8	98.6	98.3	97.6	7.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.6	7.2
Any Terrestrial	99.2	98.8	98.6	98.3	97.6	7.2
Cable	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	7.2
Cable/Fiber	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	97.6	7.2
Copper	33.5	33.4	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	44.8	12.6	12.4	3.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	47.0	28.9	28.9	5.6	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	7.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.1	98.6	98.6	98.6	97.9	7.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	7.2
Any Terrestrial	99.1	98.6	98.6	98.6	97.9	7.2
Cable	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	7.2
Cable/Fiber	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	7.2
Copper	33.2	33.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	5.1	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	47.0	28.9	28.9	5.6	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.