Minnesota / AIANNHCE 2270 / Federally-recognized area
Mille Lacs
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
96.5%25/3 availability
95.1%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
12Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Mille Lacs within Minnesota, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
In Minnesota, this federally recognized tribe uses Mille Lacs Reservation as its main reservation, and it spans about 97 square miles of land plus roughly 62.9 square miles of water. FCC BDC records show 12 fixed providers and 3 mobile providers serving roughly 48 service locations, with current availability of 96.5% at 25/3 Mbps, 95.1% at 100/20, and 31.5% at 1000/100.
Tribal Area Description
A federally recognized tribe in Minnesota, Mille Lacs is organized around tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
The Mille Lacs Band’s Department of Health and Human Services operates three clinics across the Reservation to make high-quality health care available to Band members. Because the walleye is such an important part of the Band’s heritage, and a staple food source for many of the Tribe’s members, the Band is actively involved in the management of the ecology and health of Mille Lacs Lake and its walleye population. District I includes the main reservation area on the west side of Mille Lacs Lake, sometimes referred to as "Neyaashing," or "The Point" in the Anishinaabe language. As a sovereign government, the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe is responsible for providing services to meet the needs of its people, much like the State of Minnesota does for its residents.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
4,556
4,627
4,574
4,630
4,508
4,504
Households
1,852
1,950
1,820
1,864
1,883
1,912
Median age
46.1
47.4
46.7
47.2
47.8
47.9
Male / Female
49.1% / 50.9%
48.7% / 51.3%
49.2% / 50.8%
49.5% / 50.5%
49.5% / 50.5%
49.5% / 50.5%
Avg. household size
2.36
2.27
2.41
2.39
2.31
2.30
Pop. density (per sq mi)
47.2
48.0
47.4
48.0
46.7
46.7
HH density (per sq mi)
19.2
20.2
18.9
19.3
19.5
19.8
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$39,363
$42,245
$47,031
$53,672
$55,230
$56,223
Per capita income
$23,910
$26,409
$27,346
$30,402
$32,166
$34,112
Poverty rate
21.6%
19.6%
19.4%
18.6%
19.1%
20.3%
Unemployment rate
11.0%
12.3%
12.7%
11.9%
9.7%
11.5%
HS diploma or higher
62.0%
62.8%
60.5%
62.4%
64.7%
64.3%
Bachelor's degree or higher
15.9%
17.2%
17.4%
17.7%
19.0%
19.6%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
26.2 Mbps
13.8 Mbps
2019Q2
28.0 Mbps
9.4 Mbps
2019Q3
30.8 Mbps
10.3 Mbps
2019Q4
30.9 Mbps
10.4 Mbps
2020Q1
27.3 Mbps
11.9 Mbps
2020Q2
34.2 Mbps
9.2 Mbps
2020Q3
39.5 Mbps
11.8 Mbps
2020Q4
51.2 Mbps
19.3 Mbps
2021Q1
46.3 Mbps
8.6 Mbps
2021Q2
57.8 Mbps
20.4 Mbps
2021Q3
49.5 Mbps
19.2 Mbps
2021Q4
55.7 Mbps
19.8 Mbps
2022Q1
64.6 Mbps
23.0 Mbps
2022Q2
65.8 Mbps
27.7 Mbps
2022Q3
54.4 Mbps
12.8 Mbps
2022Q4
84.3 Mbps
34.0 Mbps
2023Q1
81.7 Mbps
18.5 Mbps
2023Q2
56.3 Mbps
11.3 Mbps
2023Q3
86.0 Mbps
35.8 Mbps
2023Q4
75.2 Mbps
34.6 Mbps
2024Q1
66.9 Mbps
23.0 Mbps
2024Q2
55.5 Mbps
21.7 Mbps
2024Q3
72.8 Mbps
27.8 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
54.6%
1.1%
0.0%
2016
54.6%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
54.6%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
88.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
81.8%
69.4%
0.0%
2020
97.8%
72.4%
0.0%
2021
92.8%
85.1%
2.7%
2022
78.5%
77.2%
0.6%
2023
90.5%
88.0%
24.1%
2024
96.5%
95.1%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
49.6%
50.7%
2018
52.7%
58.6%
2019
54.2%
58.6%
2020
54.7%
62.9%
2021
54.6%
63.6%
2022
58.8%
64.3%
2023
61.0%
66.3%
2024
63.6%
69.9%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
96.5%
100/20 Mbps
95.1%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
96.5%
92%
100/20 Mbps
95.1%
85%
Adoption
63.6%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
12
Mobile broadband providers
3
Broadband serviceable locations
48
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
AT&T Inc.
AT&T Inc.
Lumen Technologies, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Frontier Communications Corporation
Verizon Communications Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
—
EchoStar Corporation
—
Verizon Communications Inc.
—
Savage Communications Inc.
—
LTD Broadband LLC
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
Mille Lacs Energy Cooperative
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
East Central Energy
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
10.4%
Fiber
10.4%
10.4%
10.4%
10.4%
Cable
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
4.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
94.2%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
32.7%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
26.9%
Total area (sq mi)
5.477
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
31.1
15.1
14.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
80.5
80.3
75.8
74.8
0.7
0.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
87.6
80.5
76.1
74.8
0.7
0.6
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.1
0.7
0.6
Any Terrestrial
87.6
80.5
76.1
74.8
0.7
0.6
Cable
61.6
61.6
61.6
61.6
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
74.4
74.4
74.4
74.4
0.7
0.6
Copper
33.5
33.2
10.3
1.7
0.0
0.0
Fiber
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
0.6
0.6
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
30.8
14.8
14.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
34.4
8.4
8.2
4.9
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
76.1
75.7
66.9
63.9
2.0
1.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
84.0
80.1
73.4
68.5
2.0
1.9
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.0
1.9
Any Terrestrial
84.0
80.3
73.4
68.5
2.0
1.9
Cable
62.0
62.0
62.0
62.0
0.2
0.0
Cable/Fiber
63.9
63.9
63.9
63.9
2.0
1.9
Copper
34.8
34.4
7.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
34.4
8.2
8.2
4.9
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
55.6
21.6
21.6
3.7
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
92.8
92.4
88.9
87.9
25.6
25.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
95.0
93.1
90.3
88.3
25.6
25.4
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
25.6
25.4
Any Terrestrial
95.0
93.1
90.3
88.3
25.6
25.4
Cable
62.6
62.6
62.6
62.6
0.3
0.0
Cable/Fiber
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
25.6
25.4
Copper
37.7
37.3
7.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
55.6
21.6
21.6
3.7
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
47.9
24.8
24.8
5.1
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
95.9
95.7
92.1
91.1
29.6
29.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
97.5
96.8
94.0
91.5
29.6
29.6
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.6
29.6
Any Terrestrial
97.5
96.8
94.0
91.5
29.6
29.6
Cable
61.5
61.5
61.5
61.5
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
91.1
91.1
91.1
91.1
29.6
29.6
Copper
38.2
37.8
10.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
29.6
29.6
29.6
29.6
29.6
29.6
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
47.9
24.8
24.8
5.1
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
48.2
25.4
25.4
5.7
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.3
98.0
96.3
96.0
34.4
34.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.5
98.2
96.8
96.1
34.4
34.4
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.4
34.4
Any Terrestrial
98.5
98.2
96.8
96.1
34.4
34.4
Cable
61.6
61.6
61.6
61.6
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
96.0
96.0
96.0
96.0
34.4
34.4
Copper
38.1
37.8
10.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
34.4
34.4
34.4
34.4
34.4
34.4
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
48.2
25.3
25.3
5.7
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
50.2
28.0
28.0
5.8
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
98.2
98.0
96.3
96.0
33.2
33.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.6
98.3
97.0
96.1
33.2
33.2
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
33.2
Any Terrestrial
98.6
98.3
97.0
96.1
33.2
33.2
Cable
62.9
62.9
62.9
62.9
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
96.0
96.0
96.0
96.0
33.2
33.2
Copper
36.8
36.5
9.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
50.2
28.0
28.0
5.8
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.