Montana / AIANNHCE 2490 / Federally-recognized area

Northern Cheyenne

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

89.8%25/3 availability

17.3%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

7Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Northern Cheyenne within Montana, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

In Montana, this federally recognized tribe uses Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation as its main reservation, and it spans about 697 square miles. FCC BDC records show 7 fixed providers and 3 mobile providers serving roughly 1 service locations, with current availability of 89.8% at 25/3 Mbps, 17.3% at 100/20, and 7.5% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

A federally recognized tribe in Montana, Northern Cheyenne is organized around tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.cheyennenation.com

This tribal nation maintains an official website, but descriptive content from that site could not be summarized automatically from this environment.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	4,827	5,020	4,749	4,460	4,329	4,363
Households	1,176	1,196	1,010	1,091	1,086	1,143
Median age	25.8	25.0	23.0	23.3	23.9	25.1
Male / Female	47.6% / 52.4%	48.1% / 51.9%	48.3% / 51.7%	49.2% / 50.8%	48.4% / 51.6%	50.3% / 49.7%
Avg. household size	4.07	4.17	4.67	4.06	3.95	3.79
Pop. density (per sq mi)	6.9	7.2	6.8	6.4	6.2	6.3
HH density (per sq mi)	1.7	1.7	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$49,756	$46,957	$43,542	$45,184	$41,400	$36,620
Per capita income	$15,495	$14,876	$13,553	$15,429	$15,296	$14,858
Poverty rate	25.4%	28.7%	37.1%	38.4%	40.7%	45.0%
Unemployment rate	13.6%	13.2%	15.1%	18.7%	18.5%	22.7%
HS diploma or higher	55.7%	55.0%	59.5%	57.0%	59.0%	60.8%
Bachelor's degree or higher	15.4%	15.2%	16.2%	15.4%	13.5%	15.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	12.2 Mbps	2.8 Mbps
2019Q2	15.1 Mbps	5.7 Mbps
2019Q3	27.9 Mbps	17.1 Mbps
2019Q4	26.9 Mbps	13.4 Mbps
2020Q1	18.1 Mbps	6.7 Mbps
2020Q2	20.3 Mbps	7.9 Mbps
2020Q3	12.1 Mbps	1.9 Mbps
2020Q4	20.9 Mbps	7.6 Mbps
2021Q1	22.3 Mbps	10.2 Mbps
2021Q2	25.4 Mbps	9.5 Mbps
2021Q3	28.2 Mbps	9.1 Mbps
2021Q4	28.9 Mbps	8.6 Mbps
2022Q1	28.4 Mbps	10.6 Mbps
2022Q2	31.2 Mbps	9.5 Mbps
2022Q3	28.6 Mbps	12.0 Mbps
2022Q4	28.6 Mbps	8.6 Mbps
2023Q1	39.6 Mbps	11.8 Mbps
2023Q2	35.0 Mbps	12.9 Mbps
2023Q3	94.4 Mbps	62.4 Mbps
2023Q4	71.6 Mbps	42.7 Mbps
2024Q1	56.2 Mbps	32.3 Mbps
2024Q2	51.3 Mbps	28.4 Mbps
2024Q3	29.9 Mbps	16.6 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	29.6%	6.5%	6.5%
2017	30.4%	6.5%	6.5%
2018	44.3%	9.2%	4.8%
2019	52.6%	7.5%	4.8%
2020	60.0%	12.6%	12.3%
2021	55.5%	17.5%	17.5%
2022	42.7%	5.8%	5.2%
2023	32.3%	10.3%	6.7%
2024	89.8%	17.3%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	39.3%	26.2%
2018	39.9%	31.1%
2019	37.8%	25.4%
2020	39.8%	29.6%
2021	47.2%	35.7%
2022	51.0%	34.8%
2023	61.4%	54.2%
2024	58.4%	45.8%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	89.8%
100/20 Mbps	17.3%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	89.8%	92%
100/20 Mbps	17.3%	85%
Adoption	58.4%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	7
Mobile broadband providers	3
Broadband serviceable locations	1

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
Range Telephone Cooperative, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	43.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	19.9%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	18.7%
Total area (sq mi)	26.438

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	70.6	32.9	32.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.0	77.9	31.7	8.2	8.2	8.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.6	80.0	45.5	8.2	8.2	8.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	8.2	8.2
Any Terrestrial	95.9	81.4	46.2	8.2	8.2	8.2
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2
Copper	80.8	69.7	23.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	67.5	30.9	30.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	13.7	11.7	7.8	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	56.6	16.3	16.3	4.4	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	91.7	80.0	36.5	10.3	10.3	10.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.1	80.0	37.8	13.2	10.3	10.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	10.3	10.3
Any Terrestrial	95.5	81.0	39.5	13.2	10.3	10.3
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3
Copper	81.5	69.8	26.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3	10.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	52.2	13.5	13.5	4.4	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	13.7	11.1	11.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	50.6	9.8	9.6	3.2	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.8	78.9	34.5	15.0	15.0	15.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	93.6	78.9	35.7	17.2	15.0	15.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	15.0	15.0
Any Terrestrial	94.0	80.8	38.4	17.2	15.0	15.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0
Copper	74.8	63.9	19.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0	15.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	46.0	3.9	3.9	3.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	7.2	5.9	5.7	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	68.3	14.7	14.4	4.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	92.0	80.0	35.5	15.3	15.3	15.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.4	81.4	38.9	18.1	15.3	15.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	15.3	15.3
Any Terrestrial	97.8	84.4	43.3	18.1	15.3	15.3
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	15.3	15.3	15.3	15.3	15.3	15.3
Copper	76.7	64.7	20.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	15.3	15.3	15.3	15.3	15.3	15.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	55.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	61.2	9.1	9.1	4.5	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	10.9	9.3	9.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	61.7	11.4	11.4	9.4	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	93.7	80.8	38.4	15.6	15.6	15.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.6	83.2	43.4	22.9	15.6	15.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	15.6	15.6
Any Terrestrial	97.6	83.2	43.4	22.9	15.6	15.6
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.6
Copper	78.1	65.3	22.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.6
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	61.7	11.4	11.4	9.4	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	8.8	5.8	5.8	5.6	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	93.0	80.7	40.0	16.5	16.5	16.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	93.9	81.3	42.3	19.9	16.5	16.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	16.5
Any Terrestrial	93.9	81.3	42.3	19.9	16.5	16.5
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5
Copper	76.5	64.2	23.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5	16.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	8.8	5.7	5.7	5.6	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.