Nebraska / AIANNHCE 3565 / Federally-recognized area

Santee

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

43.3%25/3 availability

23.6%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

9Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Santee within Nebraska, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Santee Reservation is a reservation in Nebraska associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 173 square miles of land plus roughly 11.6 square miles of water. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 9 fixed providers and 5 mobile providers across roughly 439 service locations, with current availability of 43.3% at 25/3 Mbps, 23.6% at 100/20, and 23.6% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Santee is a federally recognized tribe in Nebraska with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: santeesiouxnation.com

The Santee were the "frontier guardians of the Sioux Nation," that ranged from the Santee's home in what is currently Minnesota, across the Plains and to the northern Rocky Mountains in Montana and south through the northwestern part of Nebraska. Four bands comprised the Santee division of the Sioux Nation, the Mdewakantonwan, Wahpeton, Sissetons and the Wahpekute. The Santee Tribe was basically a woodlands tribe, living in semi-permanent villages and engaging in some farming.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	937	927	904	842	759	751
Households	314	333	273	242	236	235
Median age	28.2	28.7	26.7	26.8	28.6	30.8
Male / Female	49.8% / 50.2%	48.9% / 51.1%	50.8% / 49.2%	50.1% / 49.9%	46.2% / 53.8%	48.6% / 51.4%
Avg. household size	2.97	2.77	3.30	3.47	3.21	3.19
Pop. density (per sq mi)	5.4	5.4	5.2	4.9	4.4	4.3
HH density (per sq mi)	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.4

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$47,045	$48,594	$53,438	$52,083	$58,125	$67,250
Per capita income	$21,111	$21,079	$20,760	$20,821	$24,367	$27,659
Poverty rate	25.5%	26.9%	26.1%	25.9%	24.3%	26.7%
Unemployment rate	9.7%	12.1%	14.0%	15.9%	14.2%	13.1%
HS diploma or higher	59.9%	65.4%	65.2%	61.8%	68.2%	72.0%
Bachelor's degree or higher	9.7%	12.6%	12.7%	12.4%	11.4%	12.9%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	16.1 Mbps	4.0 Mbps
2019Q2	19.9 Mbps	4.1 Mbps
2019Q3	15.1 Mbps	11.7 Mbps
2019Q4	23.6 Mbps	8.8 Mbps
2020Q1	16.5 Mbps	14.2 Mbps
2020Q2	12.1 Mbps	5.9 Mbps
2020Q3	9.5 Mbps	2.2 Mbps
2020Q4	17.5 Mbps	11.8 Mbps
2021Q1	18.7 Mbps	4.3 Mbps
2021Q2	23.4 Mbps	9.6 Mbps
2021Q3	25.8 Mbps	3.1 Mbps
2021Q4	33.4 Mbps	2.3 Mbps
2022Q1	23.5 Mbps	2.6 Mbps
2022Q2	27.8 Mbps	21.5 Mbps
2022Q3	39.3 Mbps	8.0 Mbps
2022Q4	32.2 Mbps	14.2 Mbps
2023Q1	34.2 Mbps	9.1 Mbps
2023Q2	26.2 Mbps	18.8 Mbps
2023Q3	22.5 Mbps	14.1 Mbps
2023Q4	49.4 Mbps	33.9 Mbps
2024Q1	43.3 Mbps	8.3 Mbps
2024Q2	43.6 Mbps	14.2 Mbps
2024Q3	36.6 Mbps	21.3 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	70.4%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	70.4%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	70.4%	0.0%	0.0%
2020	68.6%	0.0%	0.0%
2021	89.1%	43.3%	43.3%
2022	13.1%	12.8%	12.8%
2023	23.0%	16.0%	16.0%
2024	43.3%	23.6%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	29.0%	20.2%
2018	29.6%	35.6%
2019	36.0%	56.3%
2020	36.3%	65.8%
2021	34.4%	73.2%
2022	31.8%	77.1%
2023	32.6%	63.9%
2024	31.5%	52.4%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	43.3%
100/20 Mbps	23.6%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	43.3%	92%
100/20 Mbps	23.6%	85%
Adoption	31.5%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	9
Mobile broadband providers	5
Broadband serviceable locations	439

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Great Plains Communications, Inc.	NE Colorado Cellular, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
NE Colorado Cellular, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	21.9%
Fiber	21.9%	21.9%	21.9%	21.9%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	0.9%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	98.8%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	75.9%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	39.0%
Total area (sq mi)	477.051

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	56.3	17.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	88.0	14.3	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	90.8	26.2	12.6	12.4	12.4	12.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	12.4	12.4
Any Terrestrial	90.8	26.2	12.6	12.4	12.4	12.4
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4
Copper	87.1	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4	12.4
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	56.3	17.5	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	28.3	19.7	2.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.6	18.1	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	92.3	31.6	18.1	15.7	15.7	15.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	15.7	15.7
Any Terrestrial	92.3	31.6	18.1	15.7	15.7	15.7
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7
Copper	88.9	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7	15.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	99.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	28.3	19.7	2.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	35.1	24.7	10.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.5	17.8	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	92.2	34.7	22.8	15.9	15.9	15.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	15.9	15.9
Any Terrestrial	92.2	34.7	22.8	15.9	15.9	15.9
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9
Copper	88.8	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9	15.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	35.1	24.7	10.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	25.1	24.4	10.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.7	22.5	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	92.5	38.0	27.5	20.7	20.7	20.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	20.7	20.7
Any Terrestrial	92.5	38.0	27.5	20.7	20.7	20.7
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
Copper	88.3	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	89.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	25.1	24.4	10.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	19.2	18.9	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.5	24.4	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.1	36.3	24.0	23.1	23.1	23.1
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	23.1	23.1
Any Terrestrial	91.1	36.3	24.0	23.1	23.1	23.1
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1
Copper	87.0	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1	23.1
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	19.2	18.9	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	24.6	18.7	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	23.2	23.2	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	38.7	34.6	22.6	21.9	21.9	21.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	21.9
Any Terrestrial	38.7	34.6	22.6	21.9	21.9	21.9
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9
Copper	1.8	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9	21.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	24.6	18.7	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.