New Mexico / AIANNHCE 3480 / Federally-recognized area

Santa Ana

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

99.6%25/3 availability

93.7%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

14Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Santa Ana within New Mexico, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Spans about 101 square miles in New Mexico, Santa Ana Pueblo serves as the core pueblo for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 14 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 431 service locations, with current availability of 99.6% at 25/3 Mbps, 93.7% at 100/20, and 0.7% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Located in New Mexico, Santa Ana is a federally recognized tribe with pueblo lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: santaana-nsn.gov

The remarkable resourcefulness and adaptability of Santa Ana are reflected in its social and political structures. The governor, for instance, is the principle intermediary between the pueblo and the outside world. The cacique, however, is the most sacred and thus most important position. According to Keresan tradition, when the gods departed from the people they left behind sacred societies and officers to maintain social order. The cacique, essentially a priest, is charged with assuring that order, authorizing communal rituals, and appointing other key officials.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	779	1,042	1,131	1,097	1,028	1,026
Households	193	247	247	236	223	237
Median age	37.0	37.8	34.5	34.1	34.2	35.4
Male / Female	52.9% / 47.1%	56.8% / 43.2%	54.1% / 45.9%	54.4% / 45.6%	52.6% / 47.4%	54.0% / 46.0%
Avg. household size	4.04	4.22	4.58	4.65	4.61	4.33
Pop. density (per sq mi)	7.7	10.3	11.2	10.9	10.2	10.2
HH density (per sq mi)	1.9	2.5	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.4

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$43,750	$52,813	$53,977	$58,409	$72,188	$86,250
Per capita income	$14,959	$18,210	$17,744	$18,436	$21,421	$23,689
Poverty rate	22.8%	16.9%	17.7%	11.7%	6.5%	5.5%
Unemployment rate	19.5%	11.2%	10.2%	9.0%	4.1%	2.9%
HS diploma or higher	53.7%	54.9%	56.5%	53.5%	56.7%	55.3%
Bachelor's degree or higher	8.7%	7.6%	8.4%	9.4%	10.9%	13.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	49.2 Mbps	12.3 Mbps
2019Q2	28.7 Mbps	22.3 Mbps
2019Q3	39.8 Mbps	19.5 Mbps
2019Q4	44.3 Mbps	11.9 Mbps
2020Q1	49.8 Mbps	15.0 Mbps
2020Q2	54.9 Mbps	7.7 Mbps
2020Q3	46.0 Mbps	10.3 Mbps
2020Q4	86.8 Mbps	14.4 Mbps
2021Q1	84.0 Mbps	46.9 Mbps
2021Q2	83.1 Mbps	24.9 Mbps
2021Q3	85.0 Mbps	17.3 Mbps
2021Q4	109.0 Mbps	19.4 Mbps
2022Q1	118.5 Mbps	25.0 Mbps
2022Q2	113.5 Mbps	30.3 Mbps
2022Q3	129.6 Mbps	31.8 Mbps
2022Q4	155.5 Mbps	39.5 Mbps
2023Q1	206.8 Mbps	53.2 Mbps
2023Q2	208.5 Mbps	108.1 Mbps
2023Q3	162.6 Mbps	79.0 Mbps
2023Q4	181.1 Mbps	84.3 Mbps
2024Q1	252.1 Mbps	149.1 Mbps
2024Q2	264.6 Mbps	139.6 Mbps
2024Q3	237.6 Mbps	87.3 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2020	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2021	100.0%	100.0%	15.5%
2022	74.6%	23.9%	0.0%
2023	93.8%	91.6%	0.0%
2024	99.6%	93.7%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	17.7%	18.4%
2018	18.3%	33.3%
2019	23.8%	38.9%
2020	27.1%	45.8%
2021	29.1%	44.2%
2022	23.3%	45.5%
2023	26.9%	5.0%
2024	34.6%	31.8%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	99.6%
100/20 Mbps	93.7%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	99.6%	92%
100/20 Mbps	93.7%	85%
Adoption	34.6%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	14
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	431

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
ATN International, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Cable One, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
Lumen Technologies, Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
Comcast Corporation	—
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	—
EchoStar Corporation	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Lobo Internet Services, Ltd.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Internet Services, LLC	—
Fiber Platform, LLC	—
NMsurf, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	8.8%
Fiber	1.4%	1.4%	1.4%	1.4%
Cable	0.7%	0.7%	0.7%	0.5%
Fixed Wireless	99.3%	98.1%	7.0%	7.0%
Copper (DSL)	26.9%	26.9%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	99.5%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	94.2%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	83.2%
Total area (sq mi)	230.152

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	88.6	88.6	30.7	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	9.8	0.0
All Wired	45.1	2.3	1.5	1.5	1.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.0	68.6	68.2	22.4	1.1
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	41.7	1.1
Any Terrestrial	100.0	89.4	89.4	31.8	1.1
Cable	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Cable/Fiber	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Copper	44.3	1.5	0.4	0.4	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	92.8	67.0	67.0	21.2	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	9.8	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	88.6	88.6	88.6	9.8	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	87.7	9.7	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	99.6	98.9	98.5	98.5	98.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.6	98.9	98.5	98.5	98.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.5
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.5	98.5
Cable	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
Cable/Fiber	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
Copper	57.3	1.9	0.4	0.4	0.0
Fiber	1.1	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	90.0	38.7	38.7	9.7	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	87.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	92.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	62.3	19.4	18.1	18.1	1.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.2	95.2	93.5	1.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	1.3
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	93.5	1.3
Cable	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Cable/Fiber	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3
Copper	61.7	18.2	16.7	16.7	0.0
Fiber	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	94.9	94.9	92.9	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	99.7	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	96.9	51.5	51.5
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	64.8	21.2	19.9	19.9	2.8	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	94.8	94.8	93.1	2.8	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	54.1	51.5
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.2	54.1	51.5
Cable	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	0.0
Cable/Fiber	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	0.0
Copper	62.5	18.5	17.1	17.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	94.8	94.8	92.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	99.7	51.5	51.5	51.5

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.1	8.8	8.8
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	63.7	20.0	18.4	18.4	1.3	0.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.4	95.2	95.2	1.3	0.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	10.2	9.1
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.4	10.2	9.1
Cable	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.3
Copper	62.8	18.8	17.1	17.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.2	95.2	94.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	98.5	98.5	75.0	27.6	8.8	8.8

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	99.3	98.1	7.0	7.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	65.7	30.4	29.0	29.0	2.1	1.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	96.1	96.1	96.1	2.1	1.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	8.8
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	99.3	98.6	9.1	8.8
Cable	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.5
Cable/Fiber	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	1.9
Copper	64.3	28.5	26.9	26.9	0.0	0.0
Fiber	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	96.1	96.1	95.6	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	97.9	97.9	77.3	35.7	7.0	7.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.