New Mexico / AIANNHCE 4785 / Federally-recognized area
Zuni
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
98.4%25/3 availability
98.4%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
8Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Zuni within New Mexico, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
Zuni Reservation in New Mexico is the primary broadband planning geography for this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 659 square miles. FCC BDC records show 8 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 2,789 service locations, and current service levels of 98.4% at 25/3 Mbps, 98.4% at 100/20, and 98.4% at 1000/100.
Tribal Area Description
Pueblo lands in New Mexico are associated with Zuni, a federally recognized tribe. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
The Tribal Government page for Zuni functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
9,002
8,187
8,445
8,134
7,344
7,144
Households
1,898
1,851
1,804
1,814
1,843
1,889
Median age
33.0
32.9
32.3
33.0
34.5
35.5
Male / Female
47.9% / 52.1%
49.5% / 50.5%
47.9% / 52.1%
48.2% / 51.8%
47.8% / 52.2%
46.6% / 53.4%
Avg. household size
4.71
4.39
4.65
4.45
3.95
3.75
Pop. density (per sq mi)
13.7
12.4
12.8
12.3
11.2
10.8
HH density (per sq mi)
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$38,445
$43,125
$45,731
$43,889
$46,179
$45,959
Per capita income
$12,149
$13,983
$15,371
$15,939
$17,355
$18,305
Poverty rate
36.3%
30.4%
30.1%
31.6%
32.2%
31.3%
Unemployment rate
19.7%
16.9%
14.2%
13.7%
6.2%
6.6%
HS diploma or higher
51.9%
49.0%
47.7%
48.7%
51.8%
52.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher
6.4%
5.5%
5.6%
5.9%
6.7%
8.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
10.3 Mbps
4.7 Mbps
2019Q2
17.9 Mbps
8.9 Mbps
2019Q3
10.5 Mbps
2.4 Mbps
2019Q4
8.5 Mbps
5.4 Mbps
2020Q1
15.0 Mbps
13.0 Mbps
2020Q2
14.7 Mbps
2.9 Mbps
2020Q3
17.4 Mbps
5.1 Mbps
2020Q4
10.6 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
2021Q1
15.3 Mbps
13.5 Mbps
2021Q2
14.4 Mbps
6.6 Mbps
2021Q3
21.2 Mbps
24.6 Mbps
2021Q4
18.3 Mbps
3.4 Mbps
2022Q1
37.1 Mbps
28.2 Mbps
2022Q2
37.7 Mbps
12.0 Mbps
2022Q3
72.5 Mbps
68.2 Mbps
2022Q4
292.0 Mbps
268.3 Mbps
2023Q1
286.4 Mbps
294.1 Mbps
2023Q2
312.7 Mbps
319.3 Mbps
2023Q3
262.1 Mbps
341.1 Mbps
2023Q4
455.9 Mbps
397.5 Mbps
2024Q1
419.6 Mbps
215.9 Mbps
2024Q2
496.3 Mbps
208.2 Mbps
2024Q3
442.9 Mbps
243.4 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
4.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
4.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
4.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2020
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2021
78.8%
0.0%
0.0%
2022
35.9%
19.8%
19.8%
2023
97.6%
97.5%
97.5%
2024
98.4%
98.4%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
16.7%
27.9%
2018
18.6%
24.1%
2019
22.1%
30.2%
2020
26.1%
29.8%
2021
28.9%
26.8%
2022
28.2%
30.4%
2023
30.7%
34.5%
2024
46.9%
45.9%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
98.4%
100/20 Mbps
98.4%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
98.4%
92%
100/20 Mbps
98.4%
85%
Adoption
46.9%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
8
Mobile broadband providers
4
Broadband serviceable locations
2,789
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
Lumen Technologies, Inc.
AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation
Smith Bagley, Inc.
Smith Bagley, Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
Continental Divide Electric Cooperative, Inc.
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.2%
Fiber
98.2%
98.2%
98.2%
98.2%
Cable
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
25.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
42.5%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
2.6%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
0.1%
Total area (sq mi)
145.78
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
98.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
63.3
53.3
35.6
18.9
18.9
18.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
99.5
53.3
35.6
18.9
18.9
18.9
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.9
18.9
Any Terrestrial
99.5
53.3
35.6
18.9
18.9
18.9
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.9
Copper
55.3
41.4
19.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.9
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
97.9
97.8
97.8
97.7
97.7
97.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.1
97.8
97.8
97.7
97.7
97.7
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.7
97.7
Any Terrestrial
98.1
97.8
97.8
97.7
97.7
97.7
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
Copper
61.8
47.5
22.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
97.7
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
97.7
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
97.9
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.5
97.5
Any Terrestrial
98.0
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
Copper
61.8
46.9
21.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
4.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
14.2
14.1
14.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.5
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.7
98.6
98.6
98.3
98.3
98.3
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.3
98.3
Any Terrestrial
98.7
98.6
98.6
98.3
98.3
98.3
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
Copper
61.0
45.8
21.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
91.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
14.2
14.1
14.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.5
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.5
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.3
98.3
Any Terrestrial
98.5
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
Copper
61.4
46.2
21.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
98.8
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.8
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.2
Any Terrestrial
98.8
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
Copper
58.5
46.0
25.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.