Haliwa-Saponi
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
About the Tribal Area
State-recognized Indigenous descent group in North Carolina. Because there is no single federal reservation footprint in the Census tribal-area geography, broadband planning is typically tied to dispersed households, county road access, and nearby regional infrastructure.
Tribal Area Description
Haliwa-Saponi is a State-designated tribal statistical area (SDTSA), a Census statistical geography identified for a state-recognized tribe or community rather than a federally recognized reservation land base. Boundary records for Haliwa-Saponi show about 177.0 square miles (113,277 acres) for this state-designated statistical area, centered near latitude 36.2546724 and longitude -77.9708273. FCC BDC provider counts are not fully populated for this code in the local dataset, so current service inventory should be validated before relying on deployment comparisons.
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Table 1. Demographics
| Indicator | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 8,450 | 7,972 | 7,704 | 7,540 | 7,615 | 7,669 |
| Households | 3,210 | 3,287 | 3,146 | 3,075 | 3,223 | 3,324 |
| Median age | 40.4 | 41.3 | 42.8 | 43.0 | 43.2 | 44.2 |
| Male / Female | 49.0% / 51.0% | 47.2% / 52.8% | 48.4% / 51.6% | 47.9% / 52.1% | 47.4% / 52.6% | 46.1% / 53.9% |
| Avg. household size | 2.63 | 2.42 | 2.44 | 2.45 | 2.36 | 2.31 |
| Pop. density (per sq mi) | 47.7 | 45.0 | 43.5 | 42.6 | 43.0 | 43.3 |
| HH density (per sq mi) | 18.1 | 18.6 | 17.8 | 17.4 | 18.2 | 18.8 |
Table 2. Economic & Education
| Indicator | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income | $35,109 | $33,510 | $34,727 | $38,220 | $39,772 | $40,035 |
| Per capita income | $19,932 | $20,913 | $20,937 | $22,577 | $23,542 | $23,676 |
| Poverty rate | 24.0% | 24.3% | 23.8% | 25.2% | 25.8% | 24.9% |
| Unemployment rate | 7.4% | 5.9% | 7.6% | 8.0% | 9.7% | 9.0% |
| HS diploma or higher | 55.9% | 56.0% | 55.7% | 56.6% | 55.9% | 57.6% |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 10.4% | 11.7% | 12.0% | 12.5% | 13.4% | 13.8% |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
| Period | Download | Upload |
|---|---|---|
| 2019Q1 | 65.9 Mbps | 5.4 Mbps |
| 2019Q2 | 36.5 Mbps | 4.8 Mbps |
| 2019Q3 | 21.0 Mbps | 1.9 Mbps |
| 2019Q4 | 17.1 Mbps | 2.0 Mbps |
| 2020Q1 | 34.9 Mbps | 3.0 Mbps |
| 2020Q2 | 22.6 Mbps | 3.6 Mbps |
| 2020Q3 | 34.4 Mbps | 3.8 Mbps |
| 2020Q4 | 43.9 Mbps | 5.0 Mbps |
| 2021Q1 | 27.5 Mbps | 2.6 Mbps |
| 2021Q2 | 48.4 Mbps | 4.1 Mbps |
| 2021Q3 | 38.3 Mbps | 3.0 Mbps |
| 2021Q4 | 40.6 Mbps | 3.1 Mbps |
| 2022Q1 | 83.6 Mbps | 6.1 Mbps |
| 2022Q2 | 63.5 Mbps | 5.2 Mbps |
| 2022Q3 | 68.4 Mbps | 8.1 Mbps |
| 2022Q4 | 69.1 Mbps | 14.3 Mbps |
| 2023Q1 | 59.3 Mbps | 14.4 Mbps |
| 2023Q2 | 70.6 Mbps | 21.2 Mbps |
| 2023Q3 | 55.1 Mbps | 7.8 Mbps |
| 2023Q4 | 83.3 Mbps | 12.8 Mbps |
| 2024Q1 | 86.6 Mbps | 14.2 Mbps |
| 2024Q2 | 98.0 Mbps | 13.6 Mbps |
| 2024Q3 | 104.0 Mbps | 16.1 Mbps |
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
| Year | 25/3 | 100/20 | 1 Gbps |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 29.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 2016 | 54.0% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
| 2017 | 43.1% | 3.6% | 0.0% |
| 2018 | 50.4% | 8.9% | 0.0% |
| 2019 | 47.2% | 10.4% | 0.0% |
| 2020 | 99.8% | 96.0% | 0.0% |
| 2021 | 98.7% | 91.5% | 15.3% |
| 2022 | 30.1% | 11.0% | 0.7% |
| 2023 | 77.8% | 12.0% | 6.1% |
| 2024 | 60.3% | 16.3% | 0.0% |
Table 5. Adoption (%)
| Year | All households | Low-income households |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 28.8% | 32.9% |
| 2018 | 31.4% | 36.8% |
| 2019 | 33.0% | 37.1% |
| 2020 | 32.2% | 31.7% |
| 2021 | 35.3% | 33.9% |
| 2022 | 37.0% | 33.6% |
| 2023 | 39.8% | 35.5% |
| 2024 | 40.9% | 39.9% |
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
| Tier | Coverage |
|---|---|
| 25/3 Mbps | 60.3% |
| 100/20 Mbps | 16.3% |
| 1 Gbps | 0.0% |
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
| Metric | Tribal | National |
|---|---|---|
| 25/3 Mbps | 60.3% | 92% |
| 100/20 Mbps | 16.3% | 85% |
| Adoption | 40.9% | 78% |
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC)
No FCC BDC data are available for this tribal area in the local AIANNHCE geography files. This most often occurs for state-recognized entities that are not included in the FCC BDC geography set.