Oklahoma / AIANNHCE 5690 / Oklahoma Tribal area

Kaw

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

91.8%25/3 availability

81.9%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

15Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Kaw within Oklahoma, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

In Oklahoma, Kaw serves as the core tribal area for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 15 fixed providers and 5 mobile providers across roughly 3,919 service locations, with current availability of 91.8% at 25/3 Mbps, 81.9% at 100/20, and 8.3% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Kaw in Oklahoma is an Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area (OTSA), a Census statistical geography intended to represent the former reservation area associated with the tribe rather than a current reservation or trust land base. Boundary records for Kaw show about 476.2 square miles (304,785 acres) for this Oklahoma Tribal area, centered near latitude 36.8902973 and longitude -97.0224714. Local FCC BDC records indicate 15 fixed providers and 5 mobile providers across about 3,919 service units, with roughly 100.0% fixed 100/20 coverage.

Website Summary: www.kawnation.gov

Kaw Nation Social Services Department is requesting that all Oklahoma Kaw Nation Tribal Citizens complete the following survey to help us provide additional services to eligible Tribal Citizens. All Kaw Tribal Citizens are encouraged to submit current address information to the Enrollment Department. Some Kaw Nation Departments Have Moved to a New Location. The official list of candidates for the September Election has been certified by the Kaw Nation Election Board. This rich cultural heritage — past, present, and future — will be preserved through education in tribal history, showcasing traditional and contemporary tribal arts and artifacts, promoting cultural activities and workshops, and serving as a cultural resource. The certified results of the 2026 Constitutional Amendment Elections have been officially posted.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	5,846	5,482	5,386	5,281	5,513	5,708
Households	2,340	2,096	2,038	1,984	2,067	2,145
Median age	45.0	43.2	44.7	45.4	45.1	44.0
Male / Female	50.8% / 49.2%	50.1% / 49.9%	52.0% / 48.0%	52.3% / 47.7%	51.9% / 48.1%	51.9% / 48.1%
Avg. household size	2.43	2.53	2.55	2.55	2.53	2.51
Pop. density (per sq mi)	12.3	11.5	11.3	11.1	11.6	12.0
HH density (per sq mi)	4.9	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.3	4.5

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$51,603	$52,679	$55,061	$59,815	$61,445	$64,872
Per capita income	$28,137	$28,515	$31,527	$34,917	$35,216	$36,017
Poverty rate	12.9%	11.5%	11.4%	11.5%	11.5%	12.4%
Unemployment rate	3.9%	4.0%	3.9%	3.5%	2.6%	2.6%
HS diploma or higher	60.3%	63.7%	64.5%	64.2%	65.9%	69.1%
Bachelor's degree or higher	14.5%	16.2%	16.0%	16.2%	16.6%	17.9%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	12.8 Mbps	3.0 Mbps
2019Q2	16.2 Mbps	2.9 Mbps
2019Q3	13.1 Mbps	2.7 Mbps
2019Q4	13.8 Mbps	3.7 Mbps
2020Q1	15.6 Mbps	3.7 Mbps
2020Q2	14.8 Mbps	3.6 Mbps
2020Q3	15.6 Mbps	4.0 Mbps
2020Q4	19.2 Mbps	4.2 Mbps
2021Q1	33.2 Mbps	5.4 Mbps
2021Q2	29.2 Mbps	5.3 Mbps
2021Q3	31.0 Mbps	6.5 Mbps
2021Q4	25.0 Mbps	5.2 Mbps
2022Q1	23.8 Mbps	4.8 Mbps
2022Q2	28.6 Mbps	5.3 Mbps
2022Q3	25.9 Mbps	3.8 Mbps
2022Q4	28.7 Mbps	6.1 Mbps
2023Q1	43.2 Mbps	8.9 Mbps
2023Q2	36.3 Mbps	6.2 Mbps
2023Q3	56.1 Mbps	8.3 Mbps
2023Q4	52.0 Mbps	8.8 Mbps
2024Q1	52.0 Mbps	11.9 Mbps
2024Q2	87.3 Mbps	13.9 Mbps
2024Q3	103.5 Mbps	16.5 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	14.2%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	14.4%	1.0%	0.0%
2017	98.7%	1.1%	0.0%
2018	98.9%	1.1%	0.0%
2019	88.8%	1.1%	0.0%
2020	98.5%	48.7%	13.6%
2021	99.5%	18.3%	5.8%
2022	68.1%	63.7%	7.6%
2023	73.4%	68.7%	8.7%
2024	91.8%	81.9%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	35.7%	37.4%
2018	35.2%	41.8%
2019	38.1%	45.2%
2020	39.4%	51.3%
2021	42.5%	47.1%
2022	44.8%	51.7%
2023	47.2%	50.5%
2024	48.3%	55.7%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	91.8%
100/20 Mbps	81.9%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	91.8%	92%
100/20 Mbps	81.9%	85%
Adoption	48.3%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	15
Mobile broadband providers	5
Broadband serviceable locations	3,919

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Cable One, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
KanOkla Telephone Association, Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	—
Windstream Holdings, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
AMG Technology Investment Group LLC	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Chisholm Broadband	—
Vyve Broadband Investments (GTCR)	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
City of Ponca, Oklahoma	—
K-Powernet, LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	8.5%
Fiber	8.5%	8.5%	8.5%	8.5%
Cable	35.3%	35.3%	35.3%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	92.4%	89.8%	0.6%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	9.5%	5.6%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	99.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	92.3%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	75.6%
Total area (sq mi)	1,192.996

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	94.2	89.9	89.6	88.9	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	54.3	49.5	18.4	15.9	9.9	7.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	85.7	74.2	67.7	63.5	9.9	7.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.5	9.9	7.6
Any Terrestrial	96.1	93.3	91.4	90.5	9.9	7.6
Cable	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.8	0.0
Cable/Fiber	9.9	9.9	9.9	9.9	9.9	7.6
Copper	44.5	39.7	8.6	6.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	76.4	56.9	52.9	48.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	43.8	43.8	43.7	42.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	95.2	93.5	93.2	92.9	0.5	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	57.3	55.5	52.2	48.5	42.6	8.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	86.2	77.1	73.0	67.5	43.2	8.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	43.2	8.0
Any Terrestrial	96.7	95.1	94.4	93.5	43.2	8.0
Cable	35.2	35.2	35.2	35.2	35.2	0.0
Cable/Fiber	42.6	42.6	42.6	42.6	42.6	8.0
Copper	42.6	38.2	9.6	5.8	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	71.2	60.6	57.0	52.2	0.5	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	61.0	61.0	60.7	59.5	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	95.0	93.0	92.4	92.3	0.4	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	59.9	58.2	54.8	50.8	44.6	8.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	86.0	78.0	73.6	68.7	45.0	8.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	45.0	8.7
Any Terrestrial	97.1	95.7	94.5	93.8	45.0	8.7
Cable	36.6	36.6	36.6	36.6	36.6	0.0
Cable/Fiber	44.6	44.6	44.6	44.6	44.6	8.7
Copper	44.0	39.3	10.2	6.2	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.7	8.7	8.7	8.7	8.7	8.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	69.1	59.9	55.4	52.5	0.4	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	92.3	92.3	91.9	91.7	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	97.3	96.5	96.5	95.6	0.1	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	59.8	58.0	54.4	50.4	44.2	8.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	93.9	91.4	88.6	82.5	44.3	8.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	44.3	8.8
Any Terrestrial	98.7	98.3	97.6	96.8	44.3	8.8
Cable	36.1	36.1	36.1	36.1	36.1	0.0
Cable/Fiber	44.2	44.2	44.2	44.2	44.2	8.8
Copper	44.5	39.7	10.2	6.2	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.8	8.8	8.8	8.8	8.8	8.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	84.2	78.6	77.7	67.7	0.1	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	91.8	91.8	91.5	91.4	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	95.9	94.8	94.7	93.3	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	59.2	57.5	53.8	49.8	44.1	8.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	93.7	91.2	88.3	82.0	44.1	8.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	44.1	8.7
Any Terrestrial	97.8	97.0	96.2	95.3	44.1	8.7
Cable	35.9	35.9	35.9	35.9	35.9	0.0
Cable/Fiber	44.1	44.1	44.1	44.1	44.1	8.7
Copper	44.4	39.8	9.7	5.7	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.7	8.7	8.7	8.7	8.7	8.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	84.0	78.9	78.0	67.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	53.7	53.7	52.6	52.2	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	95.1	93.3	92.5	89.8	0.6	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	57.0	56.1	52.7	48.9	43.2	8.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.8	87.9	85.2	77.8	43.8	8.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	8.5
Any Terrestrial	97.3	96.2	94.8	92.8	43.8	8.5
Cable	35.3	35.3	35.3	35.3	35.3	0.0
Cable/Fiber	43.2	43.2	43.2	43.2	43.2	8.5
Copper	23.8	22.0	9.5	5.6	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5	8.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	84.6	79.0	77.3	63.0	0.6	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	79.4	79.4	78.6	78.5	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.