South Dakota / AIANNHCE 0855 / Federally-recognized area

Crow Creek

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

99.9%25/3 availability

99.9%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

9Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Crow Creek within South Dakota, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Crow Creek Reservation is a reservation in South Dakota associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 423 square miles of land plus roughly 38.8 square miles of water. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 9 fixed providers and 3 mobile providers across roughly 768 service locations, with current availability of 99.9% at 25/3 Mbps, 99.9% at 100/20, and 99.9% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Crow Creek is a federally recognized tribe in South Dakota with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: sdtribalrelations.sd.gov

The South Dakota Department of Tribal Relations page for Crow Creek functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe. The page includes sections on Tribal Government Information, Indian Education, Initiatives, Resources, and Events.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	2,176	2,066	1,957	1,807	1,625	1,752
Households	602	581	523	484	466	504
Median age	26.2	26.9	26.1	25.5	27.8	24.0
Male / Female	51.9% / 48.1%	54.6% / 45.4%	53.8% / 46.2%	55.5% / 44.5%	55.2% / 44.8%	55.2% / 44.8%
Avg. household size	3.61	3.55	3.74	3.73	3.48	3.48
Pop. density (per sq mi)	5.2	4.9	4.6	4.3	3.9	4.2
HH density (per sq mi)	1.4	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.2

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$36,912	$37,292	$40,045	$44,028	$46,750	$44,615
Per capita income	$13,235	$12,647	$13,348	$14,638	$17,218	$17,341
Poverty rate	36.5%	35.2%	37.4%	35.7%	32.8%	35.9%
Unemployment rate	20.0%	20.6%	18.7%	15.3%	10.6%	11.5%
HS diploma or higher	58.7%	56.8%	59.8%	63.2%	65.8%	70.7%
Bachelor's degree or higher	12.2%	13.1%	9.9%	9.3%	6.2%	8.1%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q2	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q2	11.7 Mbps	1.2 Mbps
2020Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q1	10.4 Mbps	1.0 Mbps
2021Q2	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q2	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2023Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2023Q2	42.9 Mbps	3.5 Mbps
2023Q3	36.1 Mbps	11.5 Mbps
2023Q4	71.6 Mbps	15.5 Mbps
2024Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2024Q2	78.2 Mbps	11.4 Mbps
2024Q3	72.6 Mbps	18.0 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	13.0%	13.0%	6.5%
2016	94.7%	7.0%	6.5%
2017	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2018	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2019	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2020	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2021	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2022	94.9%	94.9%	94.9%
2023	98.5%	98.5%	98.5%
2024	99.9%	99.9%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	31.2%	25.1%
2018	34.4%	31.6%
2019	33.9%	23.4%
2020	37.9%	40.7%
2021	31.7%	35.2%
2022	28.3%	36.4%
2023	20.2%	35.0%
2024	27.0%	52.3%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	99.9%
100/20 Mbps	99.9%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	99.9%	92%
100/20 Mbps	99.9%	85%
Adoption	27.0%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	9
Mobile broadband providers	3
Broadband serviceable locations	768

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
Midstate Communications, Inc. (SD)	—
Venture Communications Cooperative, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
SDN Communications	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	99.5%
Fiber	99.5%	99.5%	99.5%	99.5%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	3.5%	1.2%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	99.4%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	91.1%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	77.3%
Total area (sq mi)	1,212.272

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	27.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.6	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	95.3	95.3
Any Terrestrial	96.6	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3	95.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	27.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.9	97.9
Any Terrestrial	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9	97.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	1.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.5	98.5
Any Terrestrial	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5	98.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.4	98.4
Any Terrestrial	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4	98.4
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	53.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	2.9	1.6	1.6	0.6	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.9	99.9
Any Terrestrial	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	2.6	1.4	1.4	0.6	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	4.7	3.5	3.5	1.2	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.5
Any Terrestrial	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	4.7	3.5	3.5	1.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.