Washington / AIANNHCE 0575 / Federally-recognized area

Chehalis

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

88.5%25/3 availability

78.5%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

11Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Chehalis within Washington, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Spans about 7.0 square miles in Washington, Chehalis Reservation serves as the core reservation for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 11 fixed providers and 5 mobile providers across roughly 46 service locations, with current availability of 88.5% at 25/3 Mbps, 78.5% at 100/20, and 0.4% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Located in Washington, Chehalis is a federally recognized tribe with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.chehalistribe.org

The Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation’s mission is “to be a thriving, self-sufficient sovereign people while honoring our past and serving current and future generations.”. The Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation - The Chehalis Tribe Our Story History People of the Sands Community & Culture Heritage & Culture Program Suicide Prevention & Awareness Program (R.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	784	623	573	630	608	713
Households	261	236	213	236	237	239
Median age	30.4	32.2	37.9	37.3	43.5	40.7
Male / Female	51.1% / 48.9%	49.3% / 50.7%	50.4% / 49.6%	51.1% / 48.9%	51.0% / 49.0%	48.8% / 51.2%
Avg. household size	3.00	2.64	2.69	2.65	2.54	2.94
Pop. density (per sq mi)	81.2	64.5	59.3	65.2	63.0	73.8
HH density (per sq mi)	27.0	24.4	22.1	24.4	24.5	24.8

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$54,688	$58,500	$52,292	$62,727	$51,563	$57,679
Per capita income	$20,541	$22,858	$25,346	$26,708	$26,578	$26,277
Poverty rate	24.3%	28.3%	19.2%	20.0%	23.2%	23.4%
Unemployment rate	19.2%	13.7%	11.5%	11.6%	8.8%	5.8%
HS diploma or higher	59.0%	60.0%	60.9%	61.2%	57.5%	57.0%
Bachelor's degree or higher	6.8%	6.3%	6.6%	8.0%	7.3%	10.8%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	98.5 Mbps	22.5 Mbps
2019Q2	102.9 Mbps	16.4 Mbps
2019Q3	73.7 Mbps	16.0 Mbps
2019Q4	113.8 Mbps	20.3 Mbps
2020Q1	77.0 Mbps	9.0 Mbps
2020Q2	164.3 Mbps	8.9 Mbps
2020Q3	231.7 Mbps	15.4 Mbps
2020Q4	242.1 Mbps	9.1 Mbps
2021Q1	100.1 Mbps	9.1 Mbps
2021Q2	129.4 Mbps	9.9 Mbps
2021Q3	236.1 Mbps	19.1 Mbps
2021Q4	156.3 Mbps	15.6 Mbps
2022Q1	135.1 Mbps	23.5 Mbps
2022Q2	163.8 Mbps	21.9 Mbps
2022Q3	86.0 Mbps	16.0 Mbps
2022Q4	118.5 Mbps	19.3 Mbps
2023Q1	243.6 Mbps	15.4 Mbps
2023Q2	210.2 Mbps	15.9 Mbps
2023Q3	263.7 Mbps	19.1 Mbps
2023Q4	142.3 Mbps	15.2 Mbps
2024Q1	229.9 Mbps	26.2 Mbps
2024Q2	145.0 Mbps	46.9 Mbps
2024Q3	155.8 Mbps	22.4 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	80.8%	80.0%	20.5%
2016	89.6%	81.6%	0.0%
2017	82.3%	81.6%	0.0%
2018	82.5%	82.0%	0.0%
2019	83.5%	82.0%	0.0%
2020	98.3%	81.8%	0.0%
2021	92.7%	82.1%	0.0%
2022	74.8%	71.3%	0.0%
2023	80.9%	73.7%	0.4%
2024	88.5%	78.5%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	62.3%	65.3%
2018	63.0%	58.3%
2019	55.6%	55.6%
2020	49.6%	67.5%
2021	54.9%	56.5%
2022	58.5%	49.0%
2023	61.6%	53.7%
2024	63.2%	58.1%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	88.5%
100/20 Mbps	78.5%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	88.5%	92%
100/20 Mbps	78.5%	85%
Adoption	63.2%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	11
Mobile broadband providers	5
Broadband serviceable locations	46

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Lumen Technologies, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Comcast Corporation	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Dish Network Corporation
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
Radiate Holdings, LP	—
Hawk Networks, Inc.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	71.7%	71.7%	71.7%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	50.0%	26.1%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	28.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	96.6%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	96.6%
Total area (sq mi)	6.109

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	79.8	29.0	6.9	1.3	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	83.0	76.7	76.3	74.8	74.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.3	84.2	77.9	75.4	74.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	75.4	74.8
Any Terrestrial	95.3	84.2	77.9	75.4	74.8
Cable	74.8	74.8	74.8	74.8	74.8
Cable/Fiber	74.8	74.8	74.8	74.8	74.8
Copper	15.8	6.6	4.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	79.5	28.7	6.9	1.3	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.9	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	50.8	42.1	12.0	1.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	91.3	79.3	78.9	77.3	77.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.7	88.6	82.3	77.6	77.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	77.3
Any Terrestrial	95.7	88.6	82.3	77.6	77.3
Cable	77.3	77.3	77.3	77.3	77.3
Cable/Fiber	77.3	77.3	77.3	77.3	77.3
Copper	58.2	8.0	5.3	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	50.8	42.1	12.0	1.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	59.3	34.7	10.6	0.8	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	88.7	79.7	79.4	78.1	78.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	94.2	90.2	82.9	78.4	78.1
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	78.1
Any Terrestrial	94.2	90.2	82.9	78.4	78.1
Cable	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1
Cable/Fiber	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1	78.1
Copper	64.1	5.8	3.8	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	59.3	34.7	10.6	0.8	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	48.8	42.6	18.1	11.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	90.1	79.5	79.2	77.6	77.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.4	91.8	83.5	78.9	77.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	77.6
Any Terrestrial	96.4	91.8	83.5	78.9	77.6
Cable	77.6	77.6	77.6	77.6	77.6
Cable/Fiber	77.6	77.6	77.6	77.6	77.6
Copper	59.1	6.9	5.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	48.8	42.6	18.1	11.9	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	58.1	49.0	34.8	14.5	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	92.6	81.8	81.4	79.7	79.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.0	91.9	87.2	81.4	79.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	79.7
Any Terrestrial	97.3	92.2	87.5	82.1	79.7
Cable	79.7	79.7	79.7	79.7	79.7
Cable/Fiber	79.7	79.7	79.7	79.7	79.7
Copper	60.1	7.1	5.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	56.1	47.0	32.8	12.2	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	61.5	48.2	26.8	12.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	93.7	83.6	83.3	81.9	81.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.7	93.7	88.0	84.0	81.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	97.7	93.7	88.0	84.3	81.9
Cable	81.9	81.9	81.9	81.9	81.9
Cable/Fiber	81.9	81.9	81.9	81.9	81.9
Copper	59.9	7.7	4.3	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	61.2	47.8	26.4	9.4	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.