Washington / AIANNHCE 4075 / Federally-recognized area

Swinomish

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

96.8%25/3 availability

94.6%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

10Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Swinomish within Washington, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Swinomish Reservation is a reservation in Washington associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 12 square miles of land plus roughly 9.1 square miles of water. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 10 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 2,442 service locations, with current availability of 96.8% at 25/3 Mbps, 94.6% at 100/20, and 0.7% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Swinomish is a federally recognized tribe in Washington with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.swinomish-nsn.gov

The Just a moment... page for Swinomish functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	3,022	3,249	3,207	3,179	3,148	3,135
Households	1,345	1,451	1,465	1,461	1,426	1,458
Median age	57.5	59.1	58.6	59.1	59.9	59.9
Male / Female	47.7% / 52.3%	49.7% / 50.3%	48.7% / 51.3%	48.6% / 51.4%	49.0% / 51.0%	49.4% / 50.6%
Avg. household size	2.24	2.24	2.18	2.17	2.20	2.14
Pop. density (per sq mi)	253.7	272.8	269.3	266.9	264.3	263.2
HH density (per sq mi)	112.9	121.8	123.0	122.7	119.7	122.4

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$65,170	$73,274	$80,301	$85,946	$92,008	$94,918
Per capita income	$40,162	$42,526	$46,315	$50,962	$54,028	$57,818
Poverty rate	11.6%	13.7%	14.7%	14.7%	13.1%	11.6%
Unemployment rate	5.7%	7.4%	7.5%	8.2%	8.9%	8.3%
HS diploma or higher	66.9%	66.4%	65.2%	66.3%	67.6%	67.8%
Bachelor's degree or higher	39.0%	39.5%	39.0%	40.1%	41.2%	42.0%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	55.9 Mbps	5.1 Mbps
2019Q2	51.4 Mbps	5.1 Mbps
2019Q3	73.3 Mbps	5.7 Mbps
2019Q4	100.0 Mbps	6.6 Mbps
2020Q1	90.0 Mbps	6.7 Mbps
2020Q2	80.9 Mbps	9.1 Mbps
2020Q3	82.9 Mbps	15.8 Mbps
2020Q4	119.9 Mbps	8.4 Mbps
2021Q1	110.3 Mbps	21.1 Mbps
2021Q2	107.8 Mbps	22.5 Mbps
2021Q3	103.8 Mbps	10.6 Mbps
2021Q4	119.1 Mbps	10.7 Mbps
2022Q1	123.5 Mbps	12.0 Mbps
2022Q2	94.3 Mbps	8.3 Mbps
2022Q3	91.0 Mbps	9.8 Mbps
2022Q4	303.7 Mbps	172.6 Mbps
2023Q1	156.2 Mbps	40.5 Mbps
2023Q2	113.7 Mbps	13.5 Mbps
2023Q3	126.3 Mbps	12.8 Mbps
2023Q4	132.3 Mbps	13.4 Mbps
2024Q1	162.9 Mbps	19.6 Mbps
2024Q2	131.8 Mbps	18.4 Mbps
2024Q3	113.1 Mbps	12.6 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2016	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2017	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2018	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2020	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2021	41.8%	2.4%	0.0%
2022	93.2%	92.0%	0.0%
2023	93.4%	92.6%	0.5%
2024	96.8%	94.6%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	74.3%	62.8%
2018	76.2%	66.1%
2019	79.1%	74.7%
2020	82.4%	77.4%
2021	84.5%	80.4%
2022	84.7%	76.2%
2023	85.0%	75.3%
2024	82.3%	77.5%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	96.8%
100/20 Mbps	94.6%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	96.8%	92%
100/20 Mbps	94.6%	85%
Adoption	82.3%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	10
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	2,442

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Radiate Holdings, LP	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Comcast Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
EchoStar Corporation	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Declaration Networks Group, Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Northwest Fiber, LLC	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.6%
Fiber	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%
Cable	89.4%	89.4%	89.4%	0.3%
Fixed Wireless	72.4%	41.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	92.6%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	87.2%
Total area (sq mi)	62.778

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	61.0	53.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	96.6	91.6	91.0	91.0	91.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	93.1	92.8	91.8	91.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.8	91.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	92.8	91.8	91.0
Cable	91.0	91.0	91.0	91.0	91.0
Cable/Fiber	91.0	91.0	91.0	91.0	91.0
Copper	83.2	36.7	0.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	84.2	61.0	61.0	53.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	23.1	19.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	98.3	92.5	91.9	91.9	91.9	0.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.9	92.7	92.5	92.0	91.9	0.1
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.9	0.1
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	92.5	92.0	91.9	0.1
Cable	91.8	91.8	91.8	91.8	91.8	0.0
Cable/Fiber	91.9	91.9	91.9	91.9	91.9	0.1
Copper	87.1	37.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	78.2	23.1	23.1	19.1	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	68.9	45.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	97.9	91.8	90.9	90.9	90.9	0.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.7	93.1	92.9	91.7	90.9	0.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.9	0.6
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	97.0	91.7	90.9	0.6
Cable	90.7	90.7	90.7	90.7	90.7	0.3
Cable/Fiber	90.9	90.9	90.9	90.9	90.9	0.6
Copper	86.7	37.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	80.2	57.3	57.3	45.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	62.2	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	98.5	98.2	71.6	34.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	93.7	93.7	90.9	90.9	90.9	0.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.5	94.8	92.9	91.5	90.9	0.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.9	0.4
Any Terrestrial	99.7	99.5	97.2	91.5	90.9	0.4
Cable	90.8	90.8	90.8	90.8	90.8	0.3
Cable/Fiber	90.9	90.9	90.9	90.9	90.9	0.4
Copper	46.8	46.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	80.8	61.5	61.5	34.1	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	96.5	96.5	63.1	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	88.9	70.0	70.0	12.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	93.1	93.1	90.0	90.0	90.0	0.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.2	94.1	91.6	90.1	90.0	0.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.0	0.5
Any Terrestrial	98.6	97.2	97.0	90.1	90.0	0.5
Cable	89.8	89.8	89.8	89.8	89.8	0.3
Cable/Fiber	90.0	90.0	90.0	90.0	90.0	0.5
Copper	45.8	45.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	82.3	59.1	59.1	12.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	61.9	61.9	61.8	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	87.0	72.4	72.4	41.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	92.7	92.7	89.6	89.6	89.6	0.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.0	94.7	94.1	91.8	89.6	0.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.6
Any Terrestrial	98.0	97.5	97.4	91.8	89.6	0.6
Cable	89.3	89.3	89.3	89.3	89.3	0.3
Cable/Fiber	89.6	89.6	89.6	89.6	89.6	0.6
Copper	46.1	46.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	82.3	65.7	65.7	41.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	59.5	59.5	59.5	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.