Wisconsin / AIANNHCE 0140 / Federally-recognized area

Bad River

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

90.3%25/3 availability

30.3%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

11Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Bad River within Wisconsin, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Bad River Reservation is a reservation in Wisconsin associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 193 square miles of land plus roughly 4.0 square miles of water. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 11 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 930 service locations, with current availability of 90.3% at 25/3 Mbps, 30.3% at 100/20, and 9.9% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Bad River is a federally recognized tribe in Wisconsin with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.badriver-nsn.gov

The The Energy Program of the Mashkiiziibii Natural Resource Department’s goals are designed to align with Tribal Values. page for Bad River functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe. The page includes sections on Bad River Tribe, History, Culture, Ojibwemowin, and Bad River Culture Camp.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	1,643	1,278	1,467	1,406	1,442	1,279
Households	516	447	579	579	588	551
Median age	34.2	39.5	43.0	44.1	40.4	38.6
Male / Female	56.0% / 44.0%	57.4% / 42.6%	53.2% / 46.8%	49.1% / 50.9%	54.8% / 45.2%	53.6% / 46.4%
Avg. household size	3.18	2.86	2.53	2.42	2.45	2.32
Pop. density (per sq mi)	8.5	6.6	7.6	7.3	7.5	6.6
HH density (per sq mi)	2.7	2.3	3.0	3.0	3.0	2.9

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$48,030	$51,458	$60,729	$65,750	$56,000	$54,375
Per capita income	$16,783	$22,694	$28,207	$31,156	$29,171	$34,521
Poverty rate	28.4%	21.1%	18.5%	18.2%	18.9%	13.8%
Unemployment rate	13.7%	15.4%	14.4%	13.1%	10.7%	4.7%
HS diploma or higher	57.6%	56.5%	50.3%	55.0%	56.7%	56.7%
Bachelor's degree or higher	10.7%	11.7%	9.6%	12.1%	12.0%	11.5%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	26.6 Mbps	3.9 Mbps
2019Q2	25.3 Mbps	4.1 Mbps
2019Q3	38.1 Mbps	9.4 Mbps
2019Q4	51.5 Mbps	19.1 Mbps
2020Q1	31.9 Mbps	10.4 Mbps
2020Q2	18.3 Mbps	4.8 Mbps
2020Q3	44.2 Mbps	9.2 Mbps
2020Q4	24.1 Mbps	6.8 Mbps
2021Q1	26.6 Mbps	6.8 Mbps
2021Q2	37.0 Mbps	11.4 Mbps
2021Q3	96.7 Mbps	27.9 Mbps
2021Q4	141.8 Mbps	14.5 Mbps
2022Q1	138.3 Mbps	9.2 Mbps
2022Q2	88.1 Mbps	16.5 Mbps
2022Q3	65.9 Mbps	7.5 Mbps
2022Q4	75.4 Mbps	24.3 Mbps
2023Q1	165.4 Mbps	34.1 Mbps
2023Q2	74.8 Mbps	12.0 Mbps
2023Q3	72.4 Mbps	9.2 Mbps
2023Q4	59.7 Mbps	6.7 Mbps
2024Q1	131.8 Mbps	18.5 Mbps
2024Q2	82.1 Mbps	14.8 Mbps
2024Q3	180.8 Mbps	22.0 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	40.0%	37.1%	37.1%
2016	40.0%	37.1%	37.1%
2017	39.7%	36.8%	36.8%
2018	39.7%	39.7%	36.8%
2019	40.0%	40.0%	37.1%
2020	82.3%	40.0%	37.1%
2021	66.5%	20.6%	8.2%
2022	68.9%	41.6%	26.3%
2023	60.9%	30.0%	9.9%
2024	90.3%	30.3%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	41.2%	33.3%
2018	46.9%	53.0%
2019	50.4%	58.5%
2020	53.5%	57.7%
2021	53.9%	55.6%
2022	59.6%	68.4%
2023	55.8%	39.1%
2024	56.1%	54.7%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	90.3%
100/20 Mbps	30.3%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	90.3%	92%
100/20 Mbps	30.3%	85%
Adoption	56.1%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	11
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	930

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Charter Communications	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Chequamegon Communications Cooperative, Inc.	Northeast Communications of Wisconsin, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Hilbert Communications LLC	—
Bayfield Wireless	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
Connect Holding II LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	5.6%
Fiber	5.6%	5.6%	5.6%	5.6%
Cable	1.5%	1.5%	1.5%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	53.2%	18.2%	2.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	5.1%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	83.1%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	29.4%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	14.6%
Total area (sq mi)	475.26

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	82.6	58.4	58.4	13.8	2.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	52.7	29.9	12.4	10.5	10.5	8.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	87.0	69.6	67.7	21.9	10.5	8.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	96.3	13.5	8.0
Any Terrestrial	87.0	69.6	67.7	21.9	13.5	8.0
Cable	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.0
Cable/Fiber	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	10.5	8.0
Copper	44.5	19.4	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0	8.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	82.6	58.4	58.4	13.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.9	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	64.8	54.9	54.9	13.7	2.5	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	48.8	12.2	11.1	10.4	10.4	7.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	77.7	64.1	63.3	21.6	10.4	7.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	12.9	7.9
Any Terrestrial	77.7	64.1	63.3	21.6	12.9	7.9
Cable	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.0
Cable/Fiber	10.4	10.4	10.4	10.4	10.4	7.9
Copper	40.7	1.8	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	7.9	7.9	7.9	7.9	7.9	7.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	64.8	54.9	54.9	13.7	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.5	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	64.0	53.8	53.8	14.8	2.4	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	50.8	47.3	11.4	8.1	8.1	6.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	75.6	73.5	62.3	21.3	8.1	6.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	10.6	6.4
Any Terrestrial	75.6	73.5	62.3	21.3	10.6	6.4
Cable	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0
Cable/Fiber	8.1	8.1	8.1	8.1	8.1	6.4
Copper	44.0	40.5	3.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	6.4	6.4	6.4	6.4	6.4	6.4
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	64.0	53.8	53.8	14.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	55.0	50.4	50.4	12.8	2.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	38.5	9.9	9.3	7.3	7.3	5.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	67.9	56.7	56.5	18.5	7.3	5.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	9.3	5.7
Any Terrestrial	67.9	56.7	56.5	18.5	9.3	5.7
Cable	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
Cable/Fiber	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.3	5.7
Copper	32.5	2.7	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	55.0	50.4	50.4	12.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	53.7	51.3	51.3	15.5	2.1	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	54.7	16.4	12.9	7.6	7.6	6.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	73.0	64.1	60.9	21.4	9.7	6.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	9.7	6.0
Any Terrestrial	73.0	64.1	60.9	21.4	9.7	6.0
Cable	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	1.7	0.0
Cable/Fiber	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.6	6.0
Copper	48.4	8.7	5.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.0	6.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	53.7	51.3	51.3	15.5	2.1	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	55.3	53.2	53.2	18.2	2.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	39.0	30.4	12.2	7.1	7.1	5.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	68.8	64.8	59.3	23.8	9.1	5.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	5.6
Any Terrestrial	68.8	64.8	59.3	23.8	9.1	5.6
Cable	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	0.0
Cable/Fiber	7.1	7.1	7.1	7.1	7.1	5.6
Copper	33.1	24.5	5.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.6
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	55.3	53.2	53.2	18.2	2.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.