Wisconsin / AIANNHCE 1450 / Federally-recognized area

Ho-Chunk Nation (WI-NE)

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

99.2%25/3 availability

53.8%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

20Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Ho-Chunk Nation (WI-NE) within Wisconsin, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Ho-Chunk Nation Reservation is a reservation in Wisconsin associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 3.4 square miles. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 20 fixed providers and 6 mobile providers across roughly 431 service locations, with current availability of 99.2% at 25/3 Mbps, 53.8% at 100/20, and 43.5% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Ho-Chunk Nation (WI-NE) is a federally recognized tribe in Wisconsin with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: ho-chunknation.com

Culture and beliefs have sustained the Ho-Chunk Nation for centuries and today make it one of the strongest Native American Tribes in the United States. The Ho-Chunk Nation is accepting donations from other tribes and interested entities to donate toward the ongoing Kalshi Litigation expenses. The Indigenous people, with an ancestral lineage dating back to pre-history, were first recorded as the Wisconsin Winnebago Tribe. The Ho-Chunk Nation is one of Wisconsin’s leading employers. In 1994, when the tribe adopted its present constitution, the nation reclaimed their original name: Ho-Chunk or "People of the Big Voice.". Hocąk Wazijacira Hižąkiišąną Hįįnį Karagiwiną The Ho-Chunk Nation greets each and every one of you. First nations community financial – žuura honąc wagigira. We hope to provide you with the necessary forms and resources you need on this website.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	1,621	1,412	1,417	1,343	1,238	1,131
Households	505	471	395	375	367	354
Median age	31.3	36.6	33.3	32.8	32.8	33.2
Male / Female	47.5% / 52.5%	41.0% / 59.0%	45.3% / 54.7%	47.1% / 52.9%	46.1% / 53.9%	49.1% / 50.9%
Avg. household size	3.00	3.00	3.59	3.58	3.37	3.19
Pop. density (per sq mi)	471.9	411.1	412.5	391.0	360.4	329.3
HH density (per sq mi)	147.0	137.1	115.0	109.2	106.8	103.1

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$42,031	$42,917	$36,339	$39,107	$38,393	$38,036
Per capita income	$17,137	$18,897	$16,725	$17,884	$19,143	$19,689
Poverty rate	24.2%	26.1%	38.6%	35.4%	37.1%	39.0%
Unemployment rate	13.0%	14.4%	17.5%	19.1%	17.5%	15.2%
HS diploma or higher	55.9%	64.1%	68.3%	64.9%	68.7%	64.3%
Bachelor's degree or higher	8.8%	9.7%	10.8%	11.2%	13.0%	10.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	30.6 Mbps	12.9 Mbps
2019Q2	30.1 Mbps	12.5 Mbps
2019Q3	46.4 Mbps	34.3 Mbps
2019Q4	41.0 Mbps	24.5 Mbps
2020Q1	21.7 Mbps	17.0 Mbps
2020Q2	65.2 Mbps	44.3 Mbps
2020Q3	24.9 Mbps	6.1 Mbps
2020Q4	14.9 Mbps	2.5 Mbps
2021Q1	47.3 Mbps	37.7 Mbps
2021Q2	20.7 Mbps	5.8 Mbps
2021Q3	67.8 Mbps	38.4 Mbps
2021Q4	37.8 Mbps	18.5 Mbps
2022Q1	32.9 Mbps	6.3 Mbps
2022Q2	30.4 Mbps	7.4 Mbps
2022Q3	32.0 Mbps	12.2 Mbps
2022Q4	20.4 Mbps	8.5 Mbps
2023Q1	158.7 Mbps	101.8 Mbps
2023Q2	163.6 Mbps	20.8 Mbps
2023Q3	36.6 Mbps	6.6 Mbps
2023Q4	170.1 Mbps	115.6 Mbps
2024Q1	106.4 Mbps	54.8 Mbps
2024Q2	173.3 Mbps	128.8 Mbps
2024Q3	294.6 Mbps	257.3 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	24.4%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	18.8%	2.7%	0.0%
2017	59.8%	24.1%	0.8%
2018	66.7%	25.2%	2.4%
2019	72.2%	21.8%	4.7%
2020	83.1%	28.7%	7.4%
2021	69.3%	14.3%	6.1%
2022	92.8%	35.0%	30.7%
2023	89.3%	41.9%	39.4%
2024	99.2%	53.8%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	43.0%	50.0%
2018	37.3%	57.0%
2019	38.2%	59.5%
2020	36.3%	63.2%
2021	34.9%	67.3%
2022	43.5%	77.4%
2023	46.9%	76.0%
2024	53.1%	72.6%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	99.2%
100/20 Mbps	53.8%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	99.2%	92%
100/20 Mbps	53.8%	85%
Adoption	53.1%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	20
Mobile broadband providers	6
Broadband serviceable locations	431

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Charter Communications	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Frontier Communications Corporation	Northeast Communications of Wisconsin, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
Lemonweir Valley Telephone Company	Dish Network Corporation
Wittenberg Telephone Company	—
Reedsburg Utility Commission	—
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Wood County Telephone Company	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Hilbert Communications LLC	—
Communications Management Group LLC	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
ResTech Services, LLC	—
Connect Holding II LLC	—
Vernon Telephone Cooperative, Inc.	—
Bertram Communications LLC	—
Country Wireless, LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	46.2%
Fiber	46.4%	46.4%	46.4%	46.2%
Cable	3.7%	3.7%	3.7%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	89.3%	16.2%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	15.1%	0.2%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	96.5%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	71.4%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	34.6%
Total area (sq mi)	33.18

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	96.5	94.6	91.0	3.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	52.3	47.1	35.2	31.1	31.0	28.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.1	98.7	94.9	31.8	31.0	28.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	31.8	31.0	28.4
Any Terrestrial	99.1	98.7	94.9	31.8	31.0	28.4
Cable	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	0.0
Cable/Fiber	31.0	31.0	31.0	31.0	31.0	28.4
Copper	31.9	24.6	4.6	0.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	29.2	29.2	29.2	29.2	29.2	28.4
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.3	94.4	90.9	3.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	96.9	95.4	82.7	3.9	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	54.3	45.1	36.5	34.5	34.0	31.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.4	99.0	95.7	34.6	34.0	31.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	34.0	31.7
Any Terrestrial	99.6	99.3	95.7	34.6	34.0	31.7
Cable	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	0.0
Cable/Fiber	34.2	34.2	34.2	34.2	34.0	31.7
Copper	34.3	21.7	5.0	0.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	31.8	31.8	31.8	31.8	31.7	31.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	94.2	90.8	82.6	3.9	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	16.4	16.4	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	96.9	95.0	87.7	2.8	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	69.5	68.3	45.4	40.5	35.5	33.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.6	99.3	91.3	40.5	35.5	33.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	35.5	33.8
Any Terrestrial	99.8	99.5	91.5	40.5	35.5	33.8
Cable	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	37.3	37.3	35.5	35.5	35.5	33.8
Copper	40.8	39.5	10.8	5.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	35.7	35.7	33.9	33.9	33.9	33.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.9	94.1	80.8	2.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	15.1	15.1	15.1	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	94.7	94.4	87.4	1.6	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	72.5	51.5	44.8	37.7	37.3	35.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.6	99.0	91.6	37.8	37.3	35.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	37.3	35.6
Any Terrestrial	99.8	99.2	91.8	37.8	37.3	35.6
Cable	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	37.3	37.3	37.3	37.3	37.3	35.6
Copper	43.5	18.4	8.1	0.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	35.7	35.7	35.7	35.7	35.7	35.6
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	93.8	93.5	80.8	1.6	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	14.6	14.6	14.6	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	96.5	95.8	90.8	11.2	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	56.6	52.2	44.8	39.5	39.1	37.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	99.5	94.9	47.6	39.1	37.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	39.1	37.5
Any Terrestrial	100.0	99.5	94.9	47.6	39.1	37.5
Cable	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
Cable/Fiber	39.3	39.3	39.1	39.1	39.1	37.5
Copper	30.4	22.0	6.4	0.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	37.7	37.7	37.5	37.5	37.5	37.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.3	95.6	89.8	11.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	4.8	4.8	4.8	0.1	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	97.1	97.1	93.0	16.8	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	75.2	71.4	52.7	43.1	42.7	41.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	96.5	54.5	42.7	41.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	41.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	96.5	54.5	42.7	41.0
Cable	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0
Cable/Fiber	42.7	42.7	42.7	42.7	42.7	41.0
Copper	46.3	42.1	12.1	0.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	41.1	41.1	41.1	41.1	41.1	41.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	96.8	96.8	92.0	16.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	4.9	4.9	4.9	0.8	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.